Submit your papers Submit Now
International Peer-Reviewed Journal
For Enquiries: editor@iiardjournals.org
📄 Download Paper

The Role of Digital Literacy in Enhancing Student Agency and Critical Thinking in Contemporary Education

Francesco Tafuri, Francesca Latino

Abstract

This article investigates how digital literacy contributes to developing student agency and critical thinking skills in modern educational contexts. Moving beyond the traditional focus on technological proficiency, the study examines digital literacy as a multidimensional competence involving critical evaluation of information, ethical use of digital tools, and active participation in digital communities. Drawing on recent empirical research and theoretical frameworks, the article discusses pedagogical strategies that empower students to navigate, analyze, and create digital content responsibly. It further explores challenges posed by misinformation, digital distractions, and socio-cultural factors affecting learners’ engagement. Finally, the article offers practical recommendations for educators and policymakers to embed digital literacy in curricula in ways that foster autonomy, reflection, and social responsibility.

Keywords

New technologies; Pedagogical strategies; Multidimensional competence.

References

Alimisis, D. (2013). Educational robotics: Open questions and new challenges. Themes in
Science and Technology Education, 6(1), 63-71.
Baker, C., Hidalgo, N., & Hernández, A. (2019). Language and digital inequalities: A review
of multilingualism in digital learning contexts. International Journal of
Multilingualism, 16(4), 441–457.
Couldry, N., & Mejias, U. A. (2019). The costs of connection: How data is colonizing human
life and appropriating it for capitalism. Stanford University Press.
Darling-Hammond, L., Hyler, M. E., & Gardner, M. (2017). Effective teacher professional
development. Learning Policy Institute.
Eynon, R., & Malmberg, L.-E. (2021). Understanding digital inequality: A systematic review
of the literature on digital divides and learning. Review of Educational Research, 91(5),
654–694.
García, O., & Kleifgen, J. A. (2018). Educating emergent bilinguals: Policies, programs, and
practices for English learners. Teachers College Press.
Hattie, J., & Clarke, S. (2019). Visible learning: Feedback. Routledge.
Hicks, D., & Turner, J. (2014). The digital citizen and social media: Educating students for
responsible participation. Journal of Social Media Studies, 1(1), 34–50.
Hilbert, M. (2016). Digital gender divide or technologically empowered women in developing
countries? A typical case of lies, damned lies, and statistics. Women's Studies
International Forum, 54, 70–79.
Howard, S. K., & Mozejko, A. (2015). Teachers: Technology, change and resistance. Education
Technology & Society, 18(4), 530–540.
Jewitt, C. (2013). Multimodal methods for researching digital technologies. Routledge.
Kimmons, R. (2015). Preparing teachers to teach online: A synthesis of teaching online
practices. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 23(3), 401–426.
Kress, G. (2010). Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication.
Routledge.
Ladson-Billings, G. (2014). Culturally relevant pedagogy 2.0: Aka the remix. Harvard
Educational Review, 84(1), 74-84.
Ng, W. (2012). Can we teach digital natives digital literacy? Computers & Education, 59(3),
1065–1078.
Paris, D. (2012). Culturally sustaining pedagogy: A needed change in stance, terminology, and
practice. Educational Researcher, 41(3), 93-97.
Paris, D., & Alim, H. S. (2017). Culturally sustaining pedagogies: Teaching and learning for
justice in a changing world. Teachers College Press.
Reich, J., Buttimer, C. J., Fang, A., Hillaire, G., Hirsch, K., Larke, L., & Slama, R. (2020).
Remote learning guidance from state education agencies during the COVID-19
pandemic: A first look. EdArXiv. https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/437e2
Schön, D. A. (1983). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. Basic
Books.
Selwyn, N. (2016). Education and technology: Key issues and debates (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury
Academic.
Selwyn, N. (2019). Should robots replace teachers? AI and the future of education. Polity.
Trust, T., & Horrocks, B. (2017). Amplifying teacher voice through professional learning
networks. Journal of Teacher Education, 68(4), 350–364.
UNESCO. (2018). ICT competency framework for teachers (Version 3). UNESCO.
van Dijk, J. (2020). The digital divide. Polity Press.
Villegas, A. M., & Lucas, T. (2007). The culturally responsive teacher. Harvard Education
Press.
Warschauer, M., & Matuchniak, T. (2010). New technology and digital worlds: Analyzing
evidence of equity in access, use, and outcomes. Review of Research in Education,
34(1), 179–225.
Williamson, B., & Hogan, A. (2020). Commercialisation and privatisation in/of education in
the context of COVID-19. Education International.
Zhao, Y. (2020). COVID-19 as a catalyst for educational change. Prospects, 49, 29–33.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-020-09477-y