Assessing the Edaphic Properties and Leachate Variability at a Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite in Aba, Abia State
Alalibo, T G K, Njoku P C, Ejiogu C C
Abstract
This research was carried out to assess the heavy metal characteristics of soils and the physicochemical parameters of the leachate of a municipal solid waste dumpsite in Ariaria, Aba, Southeastern Nigeria were investigated for possible pollution impacts. Soil samples were collected in three replicates from three sampling points within the dumpsite and a control located about 150m at three horizons at 0–15, 15–30 and 30–45cm depths. Leachate samples were also collected and tested for qualities using standard methods. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and geochemical index were used to analyze data at PCr> Cu >Pb>As>Zn. The subsoil (16–45cm) recorded the highest geoaccumulation index making it the most affected of the depths investigated; which is attributed to high precipitation in the area causing leaching. The high porous sand compositions, high heavy metal levels and microbial abundance, as well as low clay compositions recorded in the study could make groundwater aquifers of the study area susceptible to pollution from the dumpsite origin. Both Federal and state government should be committed to stipulated environmental standard as enshrined in our laws.
Keywords
Heavy metals
Leachate
Geoaccumulation
Edaphic Properties
Physicochemical
References
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Quality,33(2): 496–504.
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Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland. 2nd Ed
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Biofilter for Biological Removal of n-butyl acetate, p-xylene and Ammonia Gas from
an Air Stream.Bioche.Engi. J. 32(2), 84-92.
Wuana, R. A and Okieimen, F. E (2011). Heavy metals in contaminated soil: A review of
sources, Chemistry, Risk and best available strategies for remediation. International
Scholarly research network.pp20.
Zauyah, S., Juliana, B. Noorhafizah, R.,Fauziah, C.I and Rosenami, A.B(2004). Concentration
and Speciation of Heavy Metals in Some Cultivated and Uncultivated Ultisols and
Inceptisols in Peninsular Malaysia.Super-Soil 3rd Australian New Zealand Soils
Conference, University of Sydney, Australia
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Contamination in Compost.A possible solution. Ann Chim-Rome95:247–56.
Zhang, D., Keat, T.S and Gersberg, R.M (2010). A Comparison of Municipal Solid Waste
Management in Berlin and Singapore.Waste Manage., 30: 921-933.
Zhuang, P., McBride, M. B., Xia, H., Li, N., and Li, Z. (2009) Health risk from heavy metals
via consumption of food crops in the vicinity of Dabaoshan mine, South China, Sci.
Total Environ., 407, 1551–
silent pollution Zone for Underground water. Waste Management and Bioresource
Technology, (5): 21-30.
Aboud, S.J., and Nandini, N. (2009). Heavy metal analysis and sediment quality values in urban
lakes. Am. J. Environ. Sci. 5(6), 678-687
Agyarko, K., Darte, EandBerlinger, K (2010). Metal Levels in Some Refuse Dumpsite Soils
and Plants in Ghana-Journal of Plant Soil Environ, 56 (5): 244-251.
Akhionbare, S. M. O. (2007). Heavy Metal Distribution in Natural Water Sources in the Owan
Area of Edo State Nigeria. inter Res J. in Engr. Sc and Tech.(IRSSEST) 4(2): 88-95
Akhionbare, S. M. O. (2009). The Environmental Concepts, Issues and Control of
Pollution.MC Computer Press. Nnewi, Nigeria p434
Akhionbare, S. M. O. (2013). The Environmental Concepts, Issues and Control of
Pollution.Springfield publishers Ltd. Owerri, Nigeria p278.
Akhionbare, S. M. O. (2015). The Environmental Concepts, Issues and Control of
Pollution.Springfield publishers Ltd. Owerri, Nigeria p 91 - 105.
Akinbile, C.O (2012). Environmental impact of landfill on groundwater quality and
Agricultural soils in Nigeria.Journal onSoil & Water Res 7, 2012 (1): 18–26
Aluko O.O (2001) Characterization and Treatment of Leachates from a Municipal Solid waste
Landfill site in Ibadan. MPH Dissertation.University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.83-84.
Amadi, A. N., Olaseinde, P. I., Okosun, E. A., Okoye, N. O and Okunola, I.A (2012).A
Comparative Study on the Impact of Avu and Ihie Dumpsites on Soil Quality in
Southeastern Nigeria.American Journal of Chemistry2 (1): 17-23.
Amadi, A.N. (2011). Assessing the effects of Aladinma Dumpsite on soil and groundwater
using water Quality Index and Factor analysis. Australia journal of basic and Applied
Science, 5(11), 763-770
APHA (2012). Standard methods for examination of water and waste water.( 22nd, Edn.)
APHA, AWWA, WPCF, Washington DC, USA.
ATSDR (2004) Toxicological profile for copper.US Department ofHealth and Human
Services.Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry p314
Baldwin, D. R and Marshall,W. J (1999). Heavy metal poisoning and its laboratory
investigation, Annals of Clinical Biochemistry, 36(3): 267–300.
Bangash, F.K., Fida, M. and Fazeel, A.T. (2006).Appraisal of Effluents of Some Selected
Industries of Hayatabad Industrial Estate, Peshawar.J.Chem.Soc.Pak; 28(1):16-19
Bergbäck, B., Johansson, K and Mohlander, U (2001). Urban metal flows – A case study of
Stockholm. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 1: 3–24.
Bhalla, B., Saini, M. S and Jha, M. K (2013).Efffect of Age and Seasonal Variation on Leachate
Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill International Journal of Research in
Engineering and Technology 2(8):2321–7308
Campbell, D.J.V (1993). Environmental Management of Landfill Sites.J.I.W.E.M. Vol.7
No2.pp. 170-173. Charlotte, Y. (1998). Applying COSHH Principles to Waste
Management.Environmental Health Journal.Vol. 106, No 10.Pp289 - 291.
David, N. O., Benjamin, L.K and Patrick, O. Y (2009). Some Physicochemical and Heavy
Metal Leves in Soils of Waste Dumpsites in Port Harcourt Municipality and Environs J.
Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage 13(4) 65-70 (2009).
Davies, B. E. and Jones, L. H. P (1988). Micronutrients and Toxic Elements, in
Greany, K. M(2005).An Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Marine Sediments
of Las Perlas Archipelago, Gulf of Panama, M.sc. thesis, School of Life Sciences
Heriot-WattUniversity, Edinburgh, Scotland, 114pp
Harrison, R.M (1996). Pollution: Causes, Effects and Control. Third edition.The Royal Society
of Chemistry.340-365.
Isirimah, N. O.,Igwe, C., and Iwegbue, C. M. A(2003).Important ions in soil
Environment.InIntroductory Soil Chemistry and Biology for Agric. and Biotech.Osia
International Publishers Ltd., Port Harcourt, pp. 34–97.
Jung C. H., Matsuto T and Tanaka N (2006). Flow Analysis of Metals in a Municipal Solid
Waste Management System. Waste Management. 26:1337–48.
Manios, T (2004). The Composting Potential of Different Organic SoildWastes: Experience
From the Island of Crete. Environment International, 29(8): 1079-1089
Mull, E. J (2005). Approaches toward sustainable urban solid waste management:
Sahakaranagar Layout, Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, International Environment &
Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 2005, 37p.
Nyle, C. B., and Ray, R. N. 1999.The Nature and Properties of Soils, 12th ed., Prentice-Hall,
Inc,NJ, pp. 743–785.
Odero, D. R., Semu, E. and Kamau, G (2000).Assessment of Cottage Industries-Derived Heavy
Metal Pollution of Soil within Ngara and Gikomba area of Nairobi city, Kenya.African
Journal of Science and Technology,1:52 – 62
Ogbuagu, D. H., Chima, J. I and Balogun, B.A (2013).Aspects of Soil Quality Studies Impacted
by a Waste Dumpsite in a Commercial city of Nigeria.International Journal of
Innovative Environmental Studies Research 1(3): 55–56.
Oguntimehin, I. I., Ipinmoroti, K. O and Aiyesanmi, A.I(2005).Evaluation of Heavy Metals in
Soilsat Automobile Workshop in Akure.Nigerian Journal of Soil Science 15(2), 151–
Okoronkwo, N. E.,Odemelam, S. A., and Ano, O.A(2006).Level of Toxic Elements in Soils of
Abandoned Waste Dump Site.African Journal of Biotechnology 5(13), 1241–1244.
Ostman, M., Wahilberg, O., Agren, S., Martensson, A. (2006): Metal and Organic Matter
Contents in a Combined Household and Industrial Landfill. Waste Management, 26,
29-40.
Russell’s Soil Conditions and Plant Growth, A.Wild, (Ed),JohnWiley& Sons; Interscience,
NewYork, NY, USA, 11th edition pp. 781–814.
Scragg, A (2006). Environmental Biotechnology, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 2nd
edition, 249p.
Sherry, L. D., Joanna, M. G., David, E. J., Warren, S., Jyothi, N., Tim, P., Jonathan, W. W and
Peter, J. A. (2008); U.S. Children’s Exposure to Residential Dust Lead, 1999-2004: II.
The Contribution of Lead-contaminated Dust to Children’s Blood Lead Levels;
Environmental Health Perspectives 10 pp1289
Smith, L. A., Means, J. L. and Chen, A (1995).Remedial Options for Metals-Contaminated
Sites. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Fla, USA, 240pp.
USEPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2005). Non-point Source Control Branch
(4503T) 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20460.
Weggler, K., McLaughlin, M. J. and Graham, R. D (2004).Effectof Chloride in Soil Solution
on the Plant Availability ofBiosolid-Borne Cadmium.Journal of Environmental
Quality,33(2): 496–504.
World Health Organization (WHO) (2008): International standards for drinking water World
Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland. 2nd Ed
Wu, D.,Quan, X., Zhang, Y and Zhao, Y (2006).Long-term Operation of a Compost-based
Biofilter for Biological Removal of n-butyl acetate, p-xylene and Ammonia Gas from
an Air Stream.Bioche.Engi. J. 32(2), 84-92.
Wuana, R. A and Okieimen, F. E (2011). Heavy metals in contaminated soil: A review of
sources, Chemistry, Risk and best available strategies for remediation. International
Scholarly research network.pp20.
Zauyah, S., Juliana, B. Noorhafizah, R.,Fauziah, C.I and Rosenami, A.B(2004). Concentration
and Speciation of Heavy Metals in Some Cultivated and Uncultivated Ultisols and
Inceptisols in Peninsular Malaysia.Super-Soil 3rd Australian New Zealand Soils
Conference, University of Sydney, Australia
Zennaro M, Cristofori F, Formigoni D, Frignani F, Pavoni B (2005). Heavy Metal
Contamination in Compost.A possible solution. Ann Chim-Rome95:247–56.
Zhang, D., Keat, T.S and Gersberg, R.M (2010). A Comparison of Municipal Solid Waste
Management in Berlin and Singapore.Waste Manage., 30: 921-933.
Zhuang, P., McBride, M. B., Xia, H., Li, N., and Li, Z. (2009) Health risk from heavy metals
via consumption of food crops in the vicinity of Dabaoshan mine, South China, Sci.
Total Environ., 407, 1551–
