IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH (IJSSMR )

E-ISSN 2545-5303
P-ISSN 2695-2203
VOL. 10 NO. 8 2024
DOI: 10.56201/ijssmr.v10.no8.2024.pg395.407

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Backward Emigration: Implications to Economic Development in the Communities

Oko, Agha Christopher, Ekuri, Daniel Agbor

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Abstract

Backward emigration, also known as reverse migration or return migration, implies the movement of individuals from developed countries back to their countries of origin or less developed regions, a common practice that have some implications on community development. Accordingly, this paper would seek to explore the impact of backward emigration on economic development by examining the push and pull factors that drive individuals to return to their home countries. It considers economic, social, and cultural factors that influence the decision to reverse migrate. It also investigates the role of policy frameworks, such as government incentives and repatriation programs, in facilitating or hindering backward emigration. The implications of backward emigration as observed on economic development are analyzed and they include: the return of skilled and educated individuals that can contribute to human capital formation and knowledge transfer in the home country, the potential brain gain and brain drain dynamics associated with reverse migration, considering the impact on the labor market, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Challenges and opportunities arising from backward emigration are examined. The potential strain on social welfare systems is studied, along with the potential for remittances and diaspora networks to foster economic growth and development. Ultimately, it’s potential impact on the host country, including the loss of skilled labor and the tendency for a reduced diversity and cultural exchange.

keywords:

Backward Emigration, Reverse Migration, Economic Development, Push and Pull

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