Effect of Non-Performing Loan Ratio and Loan-To-Deposit Ratio on The Stability of Quoted Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

Abdul-Rahman, A., & Ibrahim, M. (2024). Credit risk and financial stability of commercial banks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of African Business, 25(3), 401–420. https://doi.org/10.53909/rms.07.02.0313 Adrian, T., & Shin, H. S. (2020). Financial intermediaries and monetary economics. In B. M. Friedman & M. Woodford (Eds.), Handbook of Monetary Economics (Vol. 3, pp. 601– 650). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53454-5.00012-6 Adusei, M. (2021). The impact of capital adequacy on bank profitability: Evidence from Sub- Saharan Africa. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 16(1), 135–154. Agyemang, F., & Mensah, K. (2024). Liquidity management and financial stability of commercial banks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of African Business, 25(4), 512–531. Ahamed, M. M., & Mallick, S. K. (2023). Bank credit risk, financial stability and economic performance: Evidence from emerging economies. Research in International Business and Finance, 66, 102033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2023.102033 Beck, T., Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Levine, R. (2022). Financial institutions and markets across countries and over time: The updated financial development and structure database. World Bank Economic Review, 36(2), 334–349. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4943 Central Bank of Nigeria. (2025). Prudential guidelines for deposit money banks in Nigeria. https://www.cbn.gov.ng Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Beck, T., & Honohan, P. (2023). Finance for development: The role of banking systems in economic growth and financial stability (Updated ed.). World Bank Publications. https://www.worldbank.org European Banking Authority. (2025). Risk dashboard: Q2 2025. https://www.eba.europa.eu Financial Stability Board. (2025). Global monitoring report on non-bank financial intermediation 2025. https://www.fsb.org Gambacorta, L., & Shin, H. S. (2018). Why bank capital matters for stability. Economic Policy Review, 24(1), 1–18. https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary International Monetary Fund. (2024). Global financial stability report: Safeguarding financial resilience amid high interest rates. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/GFSR Kim, J., & Lee, S. (2024). Loan-to-deposit ratio and bank stability: Evidence from listed commercial banks in Asia. Journal of Banking Regulation, 25(2), 184–201. https://www.scholarexpress.ne Lee, J., & Kim, S. (2023). Liquidity management, loan-to-deposit ratio and bank performance: Evidence from Asian commercial banks. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 10(4), 145–156. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2023.VOL10.NO4.0145 Mairafi, S. L.; Mohammed, I. G. & Yusuf, B. A. (2019). Liquidity and Banks stability in Nigeria: A review. Journal of Management Sciences 17(3), 52-61. ISSN NO:1117-4668. Udenwa, T. A.; Abdul, Z. H. & Akpa, D.O. (2023). Effect of prudency guidelines on Nigeria deposit money banks performance. Journal of Business Development and Management Research, 2(2), 1-14. Udenwa, T. A.; Suberu, A. A. & Jacob Z. (2023). Effect of liquidity risk on the financial performance of quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research. 7(2). 54-69. 10.51505/IJEBMR.2023.7705. World Bank. (2025). Global Financial Development Report 2025: Finance for Growth. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org.