Just-In-Time Practices and the Operational Performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Taraba State, Nigeria

Abdelraheem, A. A. E. (2025). Mediating influence of total quality management between just- in-time techniques and project performance evaluation. Journal of Project Management, 10(2), 301–312. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.jpm.2025.1.008 Abdulmalek, F. A., & Rajgopal, J. (2007). Analyzing the benefits of lean manufacturing and value stream mapping via simulation: A process sector case study. International Journal of Production Economics, 107(1), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2006.09.009 Agyabeng-Mensah, Y., Afum, E., Agnikpe, C., Cai, J., Ahenkorah, E., & Dacosta, E. (2021). Exploring the mediating influences of total quality management and just in time between green supply chain practices and performance. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 32(1), 156–175. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-03-2020- 0086 Alfi, N., Sugito, P., & Sudarwati, R. (2025). Total Just-in-Time: An empirical study of interrelationship toward operational performance of manufacturing entities. Business Management Research, 4(2), 136–152. https://doi.org/10.26905/bismar.v4i2.16566 Alzuod, M. A., & Al-Odeh, R. A. (2023). The impact of applying just-in-time production system on the company performance in garment manufacturing companies in Jordan. In Artificial intelligence and transforming digital marketing (pp. 677–690). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35828-9_57 Armstrong, M. (2020). Armstrong’s handbook of performance management: An evidence- based guide to delivering high performance (6th ed.). Kogan Page. Balkhi, B., Alshahrani, A., & Khan, A. (2022). Just-in-time approach in health-care inventory management: Does it really work? Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 30(12), 1830–1835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2022.10.013 Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108 Barney, J. B., & Clark, D. N. (2007). Resource-based theory: Creating and sustaining competitive advantage. Oxford University Press. Bashar, A., Sakib, M. N., & Islam, M. (2026). The interplay among process management, elimination of waste, just-in-time, and operational performance: An empirical investigation of the banking industry in a developing country. Quality Management Journal, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/10686967.2026.2630153 Bond, P. L., Green, K. W., Jr., & Inman, R. A. (2020). Relationships among JIT practices: An interpretive modeling approach. Production Planning & Control, 31(5), 400–411. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2019.1631467 Caribbean Development Bank. (2021). Digital transformation in the Caribbean: Barriers and opportunities. Caribbean Development Bank. Carvalho, C. C., Santos, R., Marques, C. M., & Pinho de Sousa, J. (2026). Just-in-time strategies for sustainable operations in seaports: A simulation approach. Transportation Research Procedia, 95, 568–575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2026.02.072 Choi, T. Y., Netland, T. H., Sanders, N., Sodhi, M. S., & Wagner, S. M. (2023). Just-in-time for supply chains in turbulent times. Production and Operations Management, 32(7), 2331–2340. https://doi.org/10.1111/poms.13979 Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128–152. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393553 P-ISSN 2695-186X Cua, K. O., McKone, K. E., & Schroeder, R. G. (2001). Relationships between implementation of TQM, JIT, and TPM and manufacturing performance. Journal of Operations Management, 19(6), 675–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-6963(00)00056-6 De Toni, A., & Nassimbeni, G. (2000). Just-in-time purchasing: An empirical study of operational practices, supplier development and performance. Omega, 28(6), 631–651. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-0483(00)00016-5 Dong, Y., Carter, C. R., & Dresner, M. E. (2001). JIT purchasing and performance: An exploratory analysis of buyer and supplier perspectives. Journal of Operations Management, 19(4), 471–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-6963(01)00071-4 Dowlatshahi, S., & Taham, F. (2009). The development of a conceptual framework for Just- In-Time implementation in SMEs. Production Planning and Control, 20(7), 611–621. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537280902946 Dyer, J. H., & Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganisational competitive advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23(4), 660–679. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.1255632 Eisenhardt, K. M., & Martin, J. A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: What are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10–11), 1105–1121. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097- 0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1105::AID-SMJ133>3.0.CO;2-E Evans, J. R., & Lindsay, W. M. (2020). Managing for quality and performance excellence (11th ed.). Cengage Learning. Fullerton, R. R., & McWatters, C. S. (2001). The production performance benefits from JIT implementation. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 26(1), 81–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0361-3682(00)00032-0 Fullerton, R. R., McWatters, C. S., & Fawson, C. (2003). An examination of the relationships between JIT and financial performance. Journal of Operations Management, 21(4), 383–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-6963(03)00002-0 García-Cutrín, J., & Rodríguez-García, C. (2024). Enhancing corporate sustainability through just-in-time practices: A meta-analytic examination of financial performance outcomes. Sustainability, 16(10), Article 4025. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104025 Goetsch, D. L., & Davis, S. B. (2010). Quality management for organizational excellence: Introduction to total quality (6th ed.). Pearson. Grant, R. M. (1991). The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: Implications for strategy formulation. California Management Review, 33(3), 114–135. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166664 Green, K. W., Jr., & Inman, R. A. (2005). Using a just-in-time selling strategy to strengthen supply chain linkages. International Journal of Production Research, 43(16), 3437– 3453. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207540500118035 Green, K. W., Jr., Inman, R. A., & Brown, G. (2008). Just-in-time selling construct: Definition and measurement. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(2), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2006.10.002 Green, K. W., Jr., Inman, R. A., Birou, L. M., & Whitten, D. (2014). Total JIT (T-JIT) and its impact on supply chain competency and organizational performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 147, 125–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2013.08.026 Hall, R. W. (1983). Zero inventories. Dow Jones-Irwin. Herjuno, A., Machlaurin, A., Retnaningtyas, Y., Khoiri, A., & Ilma, W. Z. (2026). Implementation of the Just-In-Time method on drug inventory efficiency at the Pharmacy Department of Kaliwates Hospital Jember. Jurnal Kesehatan dr. Soebandi, 14(1), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.36858/jkds.v14i1.1060 P-ISSN 2695-186X Inman, R. A., & Mehra, S. (1990). The transferability of just-in-time concepts to American small businesses. Interfaces, 20(2), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1287/inte.20.2.30 Inman, R. A., Sale, R. S., Green, K. W., Jr., & Whitten, D. (2011). Agile manufacturing: Relation to JIT, operational performance and firm performance. Journal of Operations Management, 29(4), 343–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2010.06.001 International Organization for Standardization. (2015). Quality management systems — Fundamentals and vocabulary (ISO Standard No. 9000:2015). https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html Karatuğ, Ç. (2026). Evaluation of just in time strategy regarding carbon intensity indicator. Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 25(2), 106–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/20464177.2025.2469335 Li, S., Ragu-Nathan, B., Ragu-Nathan, T. S., & Rao, S. S. (2006). The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive advantage and organizational performance. Omega, 34(2), 107–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2004.08.002 Lima, M. d. R. F., Franco, C. W., & Benitez, G. B. (2025). Performance returns from aligning front-end digital technologies and Just-in-Time practices: Empirical findings from the Brazilian manufacturing industry. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 36(5), 1463–1494. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLM-02-2023-0098 Lippman, S. A., & Rumelt, R. P. (1982). Uncertain imitability: An analysis of interfirm differences in efficiency under competition. The Bell Journal of Economics, 13(2), 418–438. https://doi.org/10.2307/3003464 Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing Research, 35(6), 382–385. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198611000-00017 Ma, C., Liu, D., Cai, X., & Yang, D. (2026). Service enhancement or cost reduction? Motive attribution explains how empathy affects continued usage after robot service failures. Service Business, 20(1), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-026-00512-3 Mackelprang, A. W., & Nair, A. (2010). Relationship between just-in-time manufacturing practices and performance: A meta-analytic investigation. Journal of Operations Management, 28(4), 283–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2009.07.004 Mutua, J. K., Misoi, D. M., & Boit, D. R. (2021). Effects of just-in-time procurement strategy on organization performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Nairobi County, Kenya. International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics, 5(2), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.666 National Population Commission. (2006). Population and housing census of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. National Population Commission. Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill. Ohno, T. (1988). Toyota production system: Beyond large-scale production. Productivity Press. Peng, D. X., Schroeder, R. G., & Shah, R. (2008). Linking routines to operations capabilities: A new perspective. Journal of Operations Management, 26(6), 730–748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2007.11.001 Pettersson, A. I., & Segerstedt, A. (2013). Measuring supply chain cost. International Journal of Production Economics, 143(2), 357–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2012.03.012 Phan, A. C., Nguyen, H. T., Nguyen, H. A., & Matsui, Y. (2019). Effect of total quality management practices and JIT production practices on flexibility performance: Empirical evidence from international manufacturing plants. Sustainability, 11(11), Article 3093. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113093 Potiker, S. L. (2026). From just-in-time to just-in-case: Supply chain urbanism in San Diego– Tijuana. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.70121 P-ISSN 2695-186X Prashar, A. (2025). Meta-analysis of association between Just-in-Time system and firm performance: Moderating effects of national culture differences. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 42(3), 986–1017. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-05-2024-0136 Prostański, D., Marlęga, R., & Dragć, S. (2026). Implementation of the Just-in-Time philosophy in coal production processes as an approach to supporting energy transition and reducing carbon emissions. Energies, 19(2), Article 544. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19020544 Psarommatis, F., Prouvost, S., May, G., & Kiritsis, D. (2020). Product quality improvement policies in Industry 4.0: Characteristics, enabling factors, barriers, and evolution toward zero defect manufacturing. Frontiers in Computer Science, 2, Article 26. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2020.00026 Richard, P. J., Devinney, T. M., Yip, G. S., & Johnson, G. (2009). Measuring organizational performance: Towards methodological best practice. Journal of Management, 35(3), 718–804. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206308330560 Sebtaoui, F. E., Adri, A., & Rifai, S. (2020). Literature review on successful JIT implementation: Benefits, obstacles and critical success factors. International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 37(2), 153–172. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLSM.2020.110571 Shah, R., & Ward, P. T. (2003). Lean manufacturing: Context, practice bundles, and performance. Journal of Operations Management, 21(2), 129–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-6963(02)00108-0 Shah, R., & Ward, P. T. (2007). Defining and developing measures of lean production. Journal of Operations Management, 25(4), 785–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2007.01.019 Shou, Y., Shan, X., & Li, L. (2023). The roles of JIT supply chain practices in new product ramp-up: The moderating effects of IT integration. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 26(9), 1172–1189. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2022.2026904 Singhal, V., Maiyar, L. M., & Roy, I. (2025). Environmental sustainability consideration with just-in-time practices in industry 4.0 era – A state of the art. Operations Management Research, 18(2), 437–460. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12063-024-00478-0 Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria & National Bureau of Statistics. (2021). National survey of micro, small, and medium enterprises . SMEDAN & NBS. Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and micro foundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319– 1350. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.640 Thilagavathi, R., Viswanath, J., Mahdal, M., Udaya Prakash, J., & Salunkhe, S. (2025). Two- warehouse deterministic inventory model of expiry date known deteriorating items with just-in-time purchases for slotted backlogs. Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics, 11, Article 1410533. https://doi.org/10.3389/fams.2025.1410533 Thomopoulos, N. T. (2015). Just-in-time. In Elements of manufacturing, distribution and logistics: Quantitative methods for planning and control (pp. 149–164). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26862-0_8 Tsioumas, V., Stavroulakis, P. J., Lyridis, D. V., & Papadimitriou, S. (2026). Quantifying the impact of just-in-time systems on freight rates. Journal of Shipping and Trade, 11(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41072-025-00221-3 Upton, D. M. (1994). The management of manufacturing flexibility. California Management Review, 36(2), 72–89. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165745 P-ISSN 2695-186X Vickery, S. K., Calantone, R. J., & Droge, C. (2003). Supply chain flexibility: An empirical study. Journal of Operations Management, 21(3), 217–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-6963(03)00004-3 Vickery, S. K., Jayaram, J., Droge, C., & Calantone, R. (2003). The effects of an integrative supply chain strategy on customer service and financial performance: An analysis of direct versus indirect relationships. Journal of Operations Management, 21(5), 523– 539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2003.02.002 Wang, Z., Hu, X., Wei, A., Yang, W., & Dong, Z. (2026). A blockchain-based system for just- in-time in construction supply chains. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 16(2), 377–395. https://doi.org/10.1108/BEPAM-03-2025-0089 Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050207 Yamane, T. (1967). Statistics: An introductory analysis (2nd ed.). Harper and Row. Yu, W., Wong, C. Y., Jacobs, M. A., & Chavez, R. (2024). What are the right configurations of just-in-time and just-in-case when supply chain shocks increase? International Journal of Production Economics, 276, Article 109352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2024.109352 Zahra, S. A., & George, G. (2002). Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Academy of Management Review, 27(2), 185–203. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2002.6587995