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Toward A Conceptual Framework for Agricultural Export Promotion Under the African Continental Free Trade Area

Blessing Chika Jones, Michael Ominyi

Abstract

The African Continental Free Trade Area represents the most ambitious effort at continental market integration in Africa since the era of independence, and agriculture stands out as the sector with the greatest potential to translate liberalization into inclusive growth. Yet tariff reduction alone will not convert this potential into realized export performance, because African agricultural exporters face binding constraints that operate well beyond the border, including weak quality infrastructure, fragmented logistics, limited trade finance, thin institutional support, and shallow firm-level capabilities. This paper develops a conceptual framework for agricultural export promotion under the new continental trade regime. Drawing on classical and new trade theory, institutional economics, the resource-based and dynamic capabilities views of the firm, and the global value chain perspective, the framework organizes the determinants of agricultural export performance into five interdependent pillars: the policy and institutional environment, trade facilitation and logistics, standards and quality infrastructure, value chain competitiveness and upgrading, and dedicated export promotion instruments. Firm-level capabilities are positioned as the channel through which pillar-level conditions are converted into export outcomes, while regional heterogeneity and the pace of protocol implementation are treated as moderating conditions. Six propositions are advanced to guide empirical testing. The framework contributes an integrated, Africa-specific lens for scholars studying export behavior under continental integration and offers policymakers a structured diagnostic for sequencing complementary investments alongside tariff liberalization. The paper closes with an agenda for empirical research on agricultural export promotion in the emerging continental market.

Keywords

African Continental Free Trade Area; agricultural exports; export promotion; regional integration; trade facilitation; conceptual framework

References

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