References
Abdullah, A., Kamara, S., & Conteh, A. (2024). Prudential regulations and commercial banks’ performance in Sierra Leone. Journal of African Banking and Finance, 12(2), 45–63. Abidoye, A., Lawal, A., & Ogunleye, T. (2026). Regulatory and supervisory oversight and financial stability of Nigerian deposit money banks. Journal of Financial Regulation and Stability, 9(1), 1–19. Akingbade, A. A. (2025). Banking system stability and economic growth in Nigeria: An ARDL approach. African Journal of Economic Policy, 32(1), 77–98. Akolawole, O. K., & Oboh, C. S. (2025). Prudential regulation and bank performance in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Banking and Finance, 14(1), 22–41. Al-Hanandeh, A., Al-Najjar, B., & Alsharari, N. (2026). IFRS 9 expected credit loss, capital adequacy and bank profitability in the Middle East. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 45, 100563. Athanasoglou, P. P., Brissimis, S. N., & Delis, M. D. (2005). Bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 18(2), 121–136. Athanasoglou, P. P., Delis, M. D., & Staikouras, C. (2008). Determinants of bank profitability in the South Eastern European region. Journal of Financial Decision Making, 2(1), 1–17. Babajide, A. A., Ogunrinola, I. O., & Aderemi, T. A. (2026). Macroprudential policy and banking sector performance in Nigeria. CBN Journal of Applied Statistics, 17(1), 45–68. Bank for International Settlements. (2011). Macroprudential policy tools and frameworks. BIS. Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. (2017). Basel III: Finalising post-crisis reforms. Bank for International Settlements. Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. (2019). Global liquidity regulation: The liquidity coverage ratio and liquidity risk monitoring tools. Bank for International Settlements. Berger, A. N., & Bouwman, C. H. S. (2009). Bank liquidity creation. Review of Financial Studies, 22(9), 3779–3837. Berger, A. N., & Bouwman, C. H. S. (2013). How does capital affect bank performance during financial crises? Journal of Financial Economics, 109(1), 146–176. Berger, A. N., & DeYoung, R. (1997). Problem loans and cost efficiency in commercial banks. Journal of Banking & Finance, 21(6), 849–870. Berger, A. N., Herring, R. J., & Szegö, G. P. (2008). The role of capital in financial institutions. Journal of Banking & Finance, 19(3–4), 393–430. Birhanu, M. (2012). Bank efficiency and performance in developing countries. African Economic Review, 4(1), 1–23. Central Bank of Nigeria. (2023). Financial stability report. CBN. Central Bank of Nigeria. (2024). Statistical bulletin. CBN. Dallu, A., Hassan, M. K., & Aliyu, S. (2026). Non-performing finance and operational efficiency of Islamic banks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 17(2), 233–256. Demsetz, H. (1973). Industry structure, market rivalry, and public policy. Journal of Law and Economics, 16(1), 1–9. Diamond, D. W., & Dybvig, P. H. (1983). Bank runs, deposit insurance, and liquidity. Journal of Political Economy, 91(3), 401–419. Ellis, L. (2012). Macroprudential policy: A suite of tools. Reserve Bank of Australia Bulletin, 1, 1–12. Erhijakpor, E. O., & Eyamu, J. O. (2025). Financial regulation, competition and banking stability in Nigeria. African Development Review, 37(1), 110–128. Fapetu, O., Adeyemi, K., & Ajayi, L. (2022). Regulatory compliance costs and bank profitability in Nigeria. Journal of Financial Regulation, 8(2), 165–182. Fisseha, M. (2015). Determinants of commercial bank profitability in Africa. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(7), 1–12. Garab, A., Hassan, M. K., & Elgiziry, K. (2026). IFRS adoption, Basel regulation and accounting conservatism in Egyptian banks. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 82, 101677. Haile, F., Osei, K. A., & Alagidede, P. (2025). Regulatory harmonisation and banking resilience in Africa. Journal of African Economies, 34(2), 185–210. Hubbard, R. G. (1991). Asymmetric information, corporate finance, and investment. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(2), 3–21. Ibiyeye, J. A. (2026). Capital adequacy compliance and bank risk-taking in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Financial Stability, 62, 101047. Imahsunu, E., & Osamwonyi, I. O. (2025). Prudential guidelines and performance of Nigerian deposit money banks. Nigerian Journal of Management Studies, 19(1), 55–74. Jeff-Anyeneh, S., Okoye, L., & Udeh, S. (2023). Central bank regulation and financial system stability in Nigeria. Journal of Monetary and Financial Studies, 15(2), 1–20. Jensen, M. C. (2002). Value maximization, stakeholder theory, and the corporate objective function. Business Ethics Quarterly, 12(2), 235–256. Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behaviour, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360. Kipruto, K. J., Mugo, R., & Nyamute, W. (2017). Bank distress and prudential regulation. International Journal of Banking and Finance, 9(1), 23–41. Mabeya, T., Willy, M., & Muturi, W. (2016). Effect of prudential regulation on financial performance of banks. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 8(10), 1–12. Mensi, S., & Zouari, A. (2010). Efficiency and performance of banks. International Journal of Business and Finance Research, 4(1), 1–14. Michael, O., Adebayo, A., & Lawal, A. (2026). Banking regulation and private sector credit in Nigeria. CBN Economic and Financial Review, 64(1), 1–21. Mirzaei, A. (2012). Bank efficiency and financial development. International Review of Financial Analysis, 24, 39–51. Mishkin, F. S. (1997). The causes and propagation of financial instability. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 12(2), 3–22. Musili, P. M., & Mbuva, J. M. (2025). Prudential requirements and bank performance in Kenya. Journal of Banking Regulation, 26(1), 44–63. Myers, S. C. (1984). The capital structure puzzle. Journal of Finance, 39(3), 575–592. Nguyen, T. H. (2023). Non-performing loans and bank profitability. Journal of Financial Risk Management, 12(1), 33–49. Okaro, C. S. (2013). Principles of banking regulation. Rex Charles & Patrick. Omubo-Pepple, V. B. (2025). Fiscal policy and asset quality of Nigerian banks. African Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 10(2), 140–159. Onuonga, S. M. (2014). The analysis of profitability of Kenyan banks. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(9), 146–155. Osondu-Ekekwe, N., Uzonwanne, M., & Okorie, D. (2026). Liquidity regulation and banking stability in Nigeria. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 34(1), 88–104. Oyasor, O. (2025). Prudential regulation and financial resilience of Nigerian banks. Journal of African Finance, 7(1), 1–18. Tabak, B. M., Fazio, D. M., & Cajueiro, D. O. (2012). Systemic risk and bank efficiency. Journal of Banking & Finance, 36(8), 2417–2428. Toby, A. J. (2008). Monetary policy effectiveness and banking crises in Nigeria. Journal of Economic Policy Review, 13(2), 67–82. World Bank. (2022). Global financial development report. World Bank. Yaaba, B. N., & Sanusi, L. S. (2020). Capital buffers and credit growth in Nigeria. Journal of African Business, 21(4), 527–546. Yahaya, K. A. (2026). Basel III regulation and banking stability in Nigeria. International Journal of Banking and Finance, 18(1), 1–22. Yahaya, K. A., & Bello, A. S. (2026). Capital regulation, monetary tightening and bank performance in Nigeria. Journal of Financial Regulation in Emerging Markets, 5(1), 35– 58. Yusuf, M. A. (2024). Capital adequacy and bank performance in Ethiopia. African Journal of Accounting and Finance, 9(3), 211–230. Yusuf, M. A. (2025). Bank regulation and performance of commercial banks in Ethiopia. Journal of African Financial Studies, 11(1), 89–108. Zhuang, J., de Dios, E., & Martin, W. (2009). Financial sector development, economic growth, and poverty reduction. Asian Development Bank Economics Working Paper, No. 173.