Psychological Distress and Self-Esteem as Predictors of Quality of Life of Patients with Cancer in Benue -North -West Senatorial District, Nigeria
Abstract
Cancer continues to be a major public health concern and one of the world's top causes of morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the role of psychological distress and self- esteem among cancer patients in Benue North Senatorial District, Nigeria. The aim of the study was to determine if depression, social dysfunction, anxiety, and self-esteem predict quality of life among patients with cancer in Benue South West Senatorial District. Purposive sampling technique was used to select three hundred and thirty-four (334) patients with cancers to participate in the study. Three instruments were used: World Health Organization Quality of Life scale (WHOQOL-Brief), Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and General Health Questionnaire-12. Data were analysed using simple and multiple linear regressions. Results showed depression negatively predicts on quality of life among cancer patients in Benue North-West Senatorial District [R=.456; R2 = 216, F (df =1. 328) = 90.450, t= 343.015; P<.01]. Also, anxiety negatively predicts quality of life among cancer patients in Benue North-West Senatorial District [R=.404; R2 =.163, F (df=1. 328) = 64.066; t= -197.746; P<.01. In addition, the result also indicated that social dysfunction negatively predicts quality of life among cancer patients in Benue North-West Senatorial District [ R=.506, R2 = 256, F (df=1. 328) =113.089, t= -378.038; P<.01. It was similarly found that self-esteem predicts quality of life among cancer patients in Benue North-West Senatorial District [R=.462, R2 =.213, F (df=1. 328) =88.995, t= 141.835; P<.01. The study recommended that hospitals and oncology centres within Benue North-West Senatorial District of Benue State, Nigeria should incorporate regular psychological screening among cancer patients for early identification and treatment of psychological distress, particularly depression, social dysfunction, anxiety and self-esteem. In addition, Interventions aimed at improving social functioning and strengthening social support systems are essential for enhancing the quality of life of cancer patients. Family members, support groups, religious organizations, and healthcare providers should encourage social inclusion, emotional support, and active engagement of cancer patients in meaningful social relationships.
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