Relationship Between Principals’ Supervisory Skills and Teachers’ Job Performance in Senior Secondary Schools in Mubi Education Zone, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Akinbode, O., Adeyemi, B. A., & Oladipo, S. A. (2023). Principals’ supervisory skills, communication skills and motivational skills as predictors of teachers’ productivity in public senior secondary schools in Ogun State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 7(5), 1–15. Awe, E. O., Olatunji, S. O., & Adebayo, A. A. (2022). Principals’ supervisory practices and teachers’ productivity in public secondary schools in Nigeria. Science Journal of Education, 10(3), 118–126. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjedu.20221003.16 Berhanu, K. (2024). The mediating role of teachers’ attitudes toward instructional supervision in the relationship between supervisory practices and teachers’ job performance. International Journal of Educational Management, 38(2), 345–360. Bush, T. (2021). Theories of educational leadership and management (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. Goodman, J. S., & Turner, L. J. (2021). Teacher incentives and student achievement: Evidence from policy reforms. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 35(3), 27–48. Egalite, A. J. (2022). How family background influences student achievement: The role of school leadership. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 44(2), 219–243. Leithwood, K., Harris, A., & Hopkins, D. (2021). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership revisited. School Leadership & Management, 41(1–2), 5–22. Dinham, S. (2021). Leading learning and teaching. ACER Press. Sammons, P., Lindorff, A., Ortega, L., & Kington, A. (2021). Inspiring teaching: Learning from exemplary practitioners. Journal of Professional Capital and Community, 6(1), 3–20. Harris, A. (2022). Distributed leadership and school improvement: Leading or misleading? Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 50(1), 3–10. Grissom, J. A., Egalite, A. J., & Lindsay, C. A. (2021). How principals affect students and schools: A systematic synthesis of two decades of research. The Wallace Foundation. Hallinger, P. (2021). Science mapping the knowledge base in educational leadership and management: A longitudinal bibliometric analysis. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 49(1), 5–30. He, P., Guo, F., & Abazie, G. A. (2024). School principals’ instructional leadership as a predictor of teacher professional development. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 9, 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-024-00290-0 Kraft, M. A., Blazar, D., & Hogan, D. (2022). The effect of teacher coaching on instruction and achievement: A meta-analysis of the causal evidence. Review of Educational Research, 92(3), 385–421. Leithwood, K., Harris, A., & Hopkins, D. (2021). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership revisited. School Leadership & Management, 41(1–2), 5–22. Loeb, S., Kalogrides, D., & Béteille, T. (2021). Effective school leadership and teacher performance: Evidence from school improvement initiatives. American Educational Research Journal, 58(2), 321–356. Luo, Y., Zhang, L., & Chen, X. (2025). The relationship between principals’ pedagogical leadership practices and teachers’ job performance: The role of sociodemographic characteristics. BMC Psychology, 13, 115. Okaforcha, C., & Nwabueze, D. U. (2024). Principals’ supervisory skills and teachers’ job performance in public secondary schools in Anambra State. International Journal of Education Research and Scientific Development, 6(1), 50–63. www.ijee.io Persson, R., Demir, E. K., & Wennberg, K. (2025). Principal instructional leadership and teacher collaboration: A longitudinal study of the influence on pupil achievement. Educational Management Administration & Leadership. Robinson, V. M. J. (2022). The impact of leadership on student outcomes: Making sense of the evidence. Educational Leadership Review, 23(1), 1–15. Sebastian, K. J., Allensworth, E., Wiedermann, W., Hochbein, C., & Cunningham, M. (2021). Principal leadership and school performance: An examination of instructional leadership and organizational management. Educational Administration Quarterly, 57(3), 456–496. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X20978577 Sergiovanni, T. J., & Starratt, R. J. (2021). Supervision: A redefinition (10th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. Timperley, H. (2021). Leading professional learning: Practical strategies for impact in schools. ACER Press. Tukiyo, T., Haryono, S., & Suyanto, S. (2024). Academic supervision and managerial competence as determinants of teacher performance. Journal of Educational Administration Studies, 12(1), 44–58. UNESCO. (2022). Transforming education: Education for sustainable development and global citizenship. https://www.unesco.org/en/education World Bank. (2022). Education sector support and teacher effectiveness in developing countries. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/education Yarrow, N., Masood, E., & Afzal, M. (2023). Teacher performance and instructional supervision: Evidence from secondary schools. International Journal of Educational Development, 95, 102675.