Population Growth and Real Gross Domestic Product in Nigeria: An Empirical Analysis

Akinola, A. (2021). An analysis on the impact of population growth on the economy of Nigeria. IJONESS, 14(2), 43-64. Apinoko, R., Olowu, I. P. and Ikporo, K. (2024). The effect of population dynamics on economic growth performance in Nigeria. International Journal Social Science Humanities Research. 07(04), 75-88. Central Bank of Nigeria. (2023). Annual economic report 2022. Central Bank of Nigeria. Chang T, Chu HP, Deale FW, Gupta R, Miller SM (2017). The relationship between population growth and standard-of-living growth over 1870–2013: evidence from a bootstrapped panel Granger causality test. Empirica 44 (1): 175-201. Chang, T. C., Deale, F. W and Gupta, R (2014).The Relationship between Population Growth and Economic Growth Over 1870-2013: Evidence from a Bootstrapped Panel-Granger Causality Test. University of Pretoria, Department of Economics working paper 2014-31. Efuntade, O. O., & Efuntade, A. O. (2020). Effect of population growth on economic growth in Nigeria. International Journals of Business and Finance Management Research, 4(2), 41- 55. Ewubare, D. B. & Odu, G. D. (2024). Migration and economic development in Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 8(12), 2561-2572. Hisa, S. and Y. Hisa. 2023. The effect of adult mortality on population, economic growth and inequality (in Japanese). The Studies in Economics and Trade 49: 61–78 Mankiw, N. G. (2021). Principles of economics (9th ed.). Cengage Learning Malthus, R. T. (1798). An Essay on the Principles of Population. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Malthus, T. R. (2008). An essay on the principle of population. Oxford University Press. National Bureau of Statistics. (2023). Nigeria demographic and labour force report. NBS. Nuruddeen, H. D. and Badawaire, A. B. (2025). Population, inflation, and economic growth dynamics in Nigeria: A VAR and Machine Learning Hybrid Approach. International Journal of Innovative Mathematics, Statistics & Energy Policies, 12(2), 13-30. Romer PM (1986) Increasing returns and long-run growth. Journal of Political Economy 94 (5): 1002 – 1037. Romer, P. (1994). Origins of endogenous growth Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 8(1), P. 3-22. Todaro, M. P & Smith, S. C (2011) Economic Development (11th ed.); Addison-Wesley, London. Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2012). Economic development (11th ed.). New York, NY: Addison- Wesley. Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2020). Economic development (13th ed.). Pearson. Ugwoke, T. I. and Onyenama, J. C. & Nwandu, R. & Ugwoke, A. C. (2024). Population growth and Nigerian economic growth: A critical appraisal. Madonna University Journal of Social Sciences, 8(6), 88 -99. World Bank (2018). World bank development indicator. Washington Dc, World Bank, USA. World Bank. (2024). World development indicators. World Bank Group. World Bank DataBank World Bank (2020). Nigeria Economic Outlook 2020. Washington Dc, World Bank, USA. World Bank open data. (2023). World Bank open data. https://data.worldbank.org/ World Bank. (2021). Population dynamics and economic growth in East Asia. World Development Report. World Bank. (2022). Harnessing the demographic dividend in Africa. World Bank Group. Worldometer (2020), United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision. (www.Worldometers.info)