Submit your papersSubmit Now
For Enquiries: [email protected]
IIARD LogoIIARD

Empirical Assessment of the Impact of Tax Reforms on Economic Development in Nigeria: A Time Series Analysis for Pre and Post Reforms Periods

Osirim, Monday PhD, FCA, Chukwu, Ogwo PhD, Nwineewii , Deebii, Azuike, Ngozi PhD

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of tax reforms on economic development of Nigeria. The study adopted the ex-post factor research design to perform impact analysis on already existing secondary data obtained from the various reports of the Central Bank of Nigeria, the Federal Inland Revenue Services and the World Bank. Regression analysis techniques were used to measure the impacts of the independent variables on the dependent variables. The study confirmed a positive and statistically significant association among the variables of study represented by company’s income tax and value added tax for tax reforms and real gross domestic product for economic development. It was thus recommended that policy makers in Nigeria should prioritize improving the productive capacity of the economy by reforming the tax law as this will foster economic development in the long run. Government should also seek to expand the tax net/yield through effective tax enforcement mechanism to drive the economy; and such tax reforms should be systematically and strategically undertaken in every five years intervals.

Keywords

Tax reformseconomic developmenttime seriespre and post reforms periods

References

Ajakaiye, D.O. (1999). Macro effect of value added tax in Nigeria. A computable general equilibrium. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics of Social Sciences, 1(2), 99-104. Anyanwu, J. C. (1997). Nigerian Public Finance. Onitsha: Joanne education publishers. Appah, E. (2010). The problems of tax planning and administration in Nigeria: The Federal and State Governments experience. International Journal Lab. Organ Psychol, 4(1-2), 1-14. Ariyo, A. (1997). Productivity of the Nigeria tax system: 1970-1990. Department of economics, University of Ibadan. Asuquo, R.G. (2021). Tax system in Nigeria: issues and challenges. Gauge-A quarterly publication of FIRS, April- June, 2012. Azubuike, J. U. B. (2009). Challenges of tax authorities, tax payers in the management of tax reform process. Nigerian Accountant, 4(2), 36-42. Bassey, O. U. (2013). Companies’ income taxation in Nigeria. Yaba-Lagos: The CIBN press Ltd. Bhatia, H. L (2009). Public Finance, 14th edition. New Delhi: Vikas publishing House, PVT Ltd. 131. Bonu & Motau (2009). The impact of companies’ income tax on economic growth and development. Proceedings of the international conference on research and development, 6(5), 53-55. Chika, O. V. ., Oshiogwemoh, D. ., & Promise, E. (2022). Impact of Tax Reforms on Economic Growth of Nigeria (2000-2021). Goodwood Akuntansi Dan Auditing Reviu, 1(1), 79–95. https://doi.org/10.35912/gaar.v1i1.1506 Chioma, N. J. (2009). Casual relationship between gross domestic product and personal consumption expenditure in Nigeria. African Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science Research, 2(8), 179-183. Chude, D.I. & Chude, N.P. (2015). Impact of company income taxation in the profitability if companies in Nigeria. A study of Nigerian Breweries. European Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 3(8), 1-11. 132 CITN (Chartered Institute of Taxation of Nigeria), (2002). CITN. Nigerian tax guide status. Lagos: CITN. Edame, G. E. & Okoi, W. W. (2014). The impact of taxation on Investment and Economic Development. Academic Journal of Interdisciplianry Studies, 3(4), 209- 218. Eltony, M. N. (2002). The determinants of tax effort in Arab countries, working paper series from Arab Planning Institute, Kuwait. En.wikipedia.org/wiki/taxreform Engen, E. & Skinner, J. (1996). Taxation and economic growth. National Taxation Journal, 49(4), 617-642. Enofe, A. O. & Igbinovia, M. I (2014). Value added tax and Economic Development: a Vector Autoregressive approach. Finance and Banking Review, 8(192), 100-124. 133 Ferede, E. & Dahly, B. (2012). The impact of tax cuts on economic growth: evidence from the Canada Provinces. National Tax Journal, 65(3), 563-594. Fjeldstad,O.H. (2014). Tax and development: Donor support to strengthen tax systems in developing countries. Public Administration and Development, 34(3), 181-192. Holmoy, E. & Vennemo, H (1995). A general equilibrium assessment of a suggested reform in capital income taxation. Journal of policy modeling, 17(6) 531-556. htt://olajideassociates.com/olajide/news604.htm.acessed on 1/3/2013. 134 (htt://www.diffen.com/diference/economicdevelopmentvseconomicgrowth) (htt://www.studymode.com/essays)(http:www.thidraylivercomparticles/GDP- rebasing/175578). Ifurueze, M. S. K. & Ekezie, C. A. (2014). The Nigerian tax system and economic growth: a time series analysis. International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research, 2(4), 163-169. Imegi, J. C. & Worlu, C. N. (2012). Companies income tax and economic growth and development. Proceedings of international conference on research and development, 6(5), 48-55. Jibrin, S.M.; Blessing, S.E. & Ifurueze, M.S.K. (2012). Impact of petroleum profits tax on economic development of Nigeria. British Journal of Economics, Finance and Management, 5(2), 60-70. Jones, E. Ihendinihu, J. U. & Nwaiwu, J. N. (2015). Total revenue and economic growth in Nigeria. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 6(1), 40- 46. Kiabel, B. D. (2011). Personal income tax in Nigeria, 2nd edition. Owerri: Springfield Publisher. 135 Korester, R. & Kormendi, R. (8) (1989). Taxation aggregate activity and economic growth: cross-country evidence. Journal of Monetary Economics, 16(2), 141-163. Lee, T. & Gordon, R. H. (2005). Tax structure and economic growth. Journal of Public Economics, 8(9). Marwia, M & Ngomoi, J. (2013). An empirical investigation of tax buoyancy in Kenya. African Journal of Business Management, 7 (40), 4233-4246. Mascagni, G; Moore, M; & McCluskey, R. (2014). Tax revenue mobilization in developing countries: Issues and challenges. Luxembourg: European Union. Nwokoye, G. A. & Rolle, R. A. (2015). Tax reforms and investment in Nigeria: a empirical examination. International Journal of Management Review, 10(1), 39- 51. Nzonta, S.M. (2007). Tax evasion problems in Nigeria: a critique. Nigerian Accountant, 40(2), 40-43. Ogbonna, G.N. (2009). Burning issues and challenges of the Nigerian system with analytical emphasis on petroleum profits tax. International Journal of Accounting, Finance and Economic Perspectives, 1(1) 150-178. Ogbonna, G.N. & Appa, E. (2012). Impact of Tax Reforms and Economic Growth of Nigeria: A Time Series Analysis. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 62-68. Ogbonna, G. N. & Appah, E. (2012a). Petroleum income and Nigerian economy: Empirical Existence. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(9), 33-59. 137 Okafor, R. (2012). Tax revenue generation and Nigerian Economic Development. European Journal of Business Management, 4(19), 49-56. Olajide, S (2013). Nigerian tax reform. Retrieved March 1, 2013, from htt://olajideassociates.com/ olajide/news 604. htm. Omesi, I. (2007). Impact of value added tax on Nigeria’s economic growth and development. Journal of Business and Economic Researcher, 1(3), 226-248. 138 Omesi, I. (2014). An appraisal of the contributions of value added tax to Nigerian economic development: 1998-2012. International Journal of management and Accounting sciences, 37-49. Oriakhi, D. E. & Ahuru, R.E. (2014). The impact of tax reform on federal revenue generation in Nigeria. Journal of Policy and Development Studies, 9(1), 92-107. Osirim, M; Idatoru, A.R. & Wadike, C. George (2024). Personal Income Tax and Tax Management. Man-Philip Publications, 269-271, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Osirim, M. (2020). Tax revenue buoyancy and economic development in Nigeria. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Faculty of Management Sciences, Post Graduate School, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Osuala, A. E. & Jones, E. (2014). Empirical analysis of the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth in Nigeria. International Journal of Economic and Finance, 6(6), 203-210. Owolabi, S. A. & Okwu, A. (2011). Empirical evaluation of contribution of VAT. Middle Eastern Finance and Economics 9, 1-11. Phillips, A. (1997). Nigeria’s fiscal policy, 1998-2000. NISER monograph series no. 17. Ibadan: Nigerian Institute for Social and Economic Research. Roshaiza (2011). The effect of economic growth on government revenue. In the International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research, 2(4), 163-169. Soyode, L. & Kajola, S.O. (2006). Taxation: principles and practice in Nigeria. Ibadan: Silicon publishing company. Todaro, M. P. & Smith, C. S. (2011). Economic Development, Eleventh edition. England: Peason Education Ltd. Tosun, M. S. & Abizadeh, S. (2005). Economic growth and tax components: analysis of tax change in OECD, APPI. Economics, 37:2251-2263. Wang, D. (2013). The impact of the 2009 value added tax reform on enterprise investment and employment-empirical analysis based on Chinese tax survey. National Academy of Economic Strategy and Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, November. Wikipedia-the free enclopedia World Bank (1991). Lessons of tax reform, Washington D. C. In the Journal of Policy and Development Studies, 9(1), 92-107. World Bank (1994). World development report. The world bank, Washington D.C.

More Articles from WORLD JOURNAL OF FINANCE AND INVESTMENT RESEARCH