Impact of Exchange Rate Policies on Bank Performance in Nigeria

Abiola, T., &Okonjo, M. (2023). Exchange rate regimes and banking efficiency in sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Finance and Economics. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10991158 Adamu, T., & Yusuf, S. (2018). External debt and bank profitability in Sub-Saharan Africa: A macroeconomic perspective. African Journal of Economic Policy, 25(3), 47-62. Adebayo, A. O., & Idowu, A. F. (2019). External debt and bank stability in Nigeria: Evidence from a mixed-method approach. Journal of Banking and Financial Dynamics, 18(2), 67- Ali, H. M., & Omar, Y. (2021). Impact of trade balance deficits on banking performance in emerging markets. The World Bank Research Observer. Retrieved from Oxford Academic. Ali, S., Ullah, I., & Khan, H. (2021). The impact of foreign direct investment on financial development: New evidence from developing countries. The Review of Financial Studies, 34(2), 467-487. Alshammari, S., Al-Tamimi, H., &Almazari, A. A. (2019). Foreign direct investment and bank performance: Evidence from emerging markets. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 27(3), 1-17. Retrieved from Central European Journal. Adeniyi, O., & Oseni, I. (2020). Trade balance dynamics and its implications for financial sector performance in Nigeria. African Journal of Economic Policy, 27(1), 45–63. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/ajep.2020.xxxx Athanasoglou, P. P., Brissimis, S. N., & Delis, M. D. (2008). Bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 18(2), 121–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2006.07.001 Asongu, S., Akpan, U., &Isihak, S. R. (2017). Does well banking performance attract FDI? Empirical evidence from developing countries. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 12(1), 45-59. Retrieved from Emerald Insight. Barajas, A., Chami, R., & Yousefi, S. R. (2013). The impact of exchange rate volatility on financial institutions in emerging markets. IMF Working Paper No. 13/197. International Monetary Fund. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781475562208.001 Beck, T., Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Levine, R. (2010). Financial institutions and markets across countries and over time: The updated financial development and structure database. World Bank Economic Review, 24(1), 77–92. https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhp016 Bello, K., &Okonjo, T. (2021). Debt servicing and return on equity in West African banks: An econometric analysis. Journal of Financial Studies, 33(4), 91-105.Blavasciunaite, D., Garsviene, L., &Matuzeviciute, K. (2020). Trade balance effects on economic growth: Evidence from EU countries. Economies, 8(3), 54. Retrieved from MDPI. Canh, N. T., Le, T. N., & Nguyen, T. D. (2021). Trade openness, trade balance, and banking efficiency in developing economies. International Journal of Emerging Markets. Available at ResearchGate. Chen, Y., Li, X., & Zhang, Z. (2024). The dual effects of exchange rate movements on Chinese commercial banks. Bank for International Settlements Working Paper Series. Retrieved from https://www.bis.org/publ/index.htm Claessens, S., Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Huizinga, H. (2001). How does foreign entry affect the domestic banking market? Journal of Banking & Finance, 25(5), 891–911. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4266(00)00102-3 Ghosh, A., et al. (2023). The impact of exchange rate volatility on bank profitability in emerging markets. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/gfsr/index.htm Gurley, J. G., & Shaw, E. S. (1960). Money in a Theory of Finance. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution. Banking Sector Development Theory. Imran, K., & Nishat, M. (2019). Impact of exchange rate volatility on firm performance in developing economies: Evidence from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Studies, 46(4), 781–798. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-06-2018-0228 Karanja, W., & Mutunga, J. (2017). Government debt and liquidity of commercial banks in Kenya: An empirical investigation. East African Economic Review, 9(1), 13-28. Kassim, A., & Bello, T. (2023). Strategic responses of Nigerian banks to exchange rate fluctuations. Central Bank of Nigeria Economic Reports. Retrieved from https://www.cbn.gov.ng Kumar, S., & Singh, R. (2021). Impact of GDP growth on operational efficiency of Indian banks. Journal of Financial and Economic Policy, 14(3), 271-289. Lopez, J. M., & Mejia, C. A. (2022). Economic growth and banking sector profitability in Latin America. Latin American Economic Review, 29(1), 67-81. Mtar, K., &Belazreg, W. (2021). Trade openness and financial development: Implications for banking stability. Journal of Financial Stability, 18(2), 39-55. Available at Oxford Academic Link to study. Mishra, P., & Mohanty, S. K. (2020). Exchange rate volatility and its impact on bank profitability: Evidence from India. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 25(3), 379–395. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.1762 Olawale, F., & Ademola, T. (2021). Foreign direct investment, economic growth, and the banking sector: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa. African Development Review, 33(2), 234–248. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8268.12557 Oduor, J., Kamau, M., & Wanjiru, R. (2023). Exchange rate shocks and credit risk in East African banks. World Trade Organization Economic Research Papers. Retrieved from https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/reser_e/reser_e.htm Ofori, G., & Amankwah, S. (2019). Economic growth and financial stability: Evidence from the Ghanaian banking sector. Journal of Banking and Finance in Africa, 11(1), 45-62. Oluwadare, E. J., & Ajayi, O. A. (2020). Impact of government external debt on loan quality in Nigerian banks. International Journal of Banking and Finance Research, 14(2), 25-38. Wang, Y., & Li, H. (2020). Economic growth and bank credit performance in China: A dynamic panel approach. Asian Journal of Finance and Economics, 9(3), 93-108 World Bank. (2020). Foreign direct investment and productivity: A literature review on the effects of FDI on local firm productivity. Retrieved from World Bank Documents.