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An Evaluation of Corporate Fraud and Going Concern of Selected Companies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Jack Obiazi TubotamunoOjas PhD, Amieye Anita Ibiere PhD

Abstract

This study evaluates the effect of corporate fraud on the going concern assumption of selected companies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Specifically, the research investigates how key dimensions of fraud: asset misappropriation, financial statement fraud, employee collusion, and management override influence critical indicators of organizational sustainability, namely liquidity position and profitability trends. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design and utilized structured questionnaires administered to finance and audit professionals across selected firms. A total of 138 valid responses were analysed using both descriptive statistics and inferential techniques such as Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis, with the aid of SPSS software. Findings revealed that all dimensions of corporate fraud have statistically significant negative effects on the going concern status of companies. Specifically, asset misappropriation significantly affects liquidity, while financial statement fraud distorts profitability reporting. Employee collusion and management override were also found to undermine internal control systems and compromise the credibility of financial reports, thus increasing the risk of business failure. The study concludes that corporate fraud poses a serious threat to organizational continuity and recommends the strengthening of internal control systems, enforcement of ethical financial reporting standards, enhanced board oversight, and the institutionalization of fraud risk assessment procedures. Regulatory bodies are also urged to increase oversight and enforce stricter sanctions on fraudulent companies.

Keywords

Corporate FraudGoing ConcernAsset MisappropriationFinancial Statement

References

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SECTION A: DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Please tick (?) the appropriate option. Gender: ? Male ? Female Age: ? 18–25 ? 26–35 ? 36–45 ? 46–55 ? 56+ Educational Qualification: ? OND/NCE ? HND/B.Sc ? M.Sc/MBA ? PhD ? Others Current Position: ? Accountant ? Auditor ? Finance Manager ? Compliance Officer ? Other: _______ Years of Work Experience: ? Less than 5 years ? 5–10 years ? 11–15 years ? Above 15 years Industry Sector: ? Oil & Gas ? Manufacturing ? Banking ? Telecom ? Other: _______ SECTION B: Please tick (?) the appropriate option 5=Strongly Agree, 4= Agree, 3=Neutral, 2=Disagree, 1= Strongly Disagree Asset Misappropriation S/N Statement 5 4 3 2 1 1 Employees in my organization have access to cash or assets with limited oversight 2 There have been reported or suspected cases of inventory theft or cash diversion 3 Fraudulent payroll and expense reimbursement claims are common in our firm 4 Weak controls over physical assets encourage misappropriation Financial Statement Fraud S/N Statement 5 4 3 2 1 5 Financial statements are sometimes manipulated to meet performance targets 6 Revenues or expenses have been intentionally misstated in past reports 7 Management pressures accounting staff to alter reports 8 There is limited transparency in the company’s financial reporting practices Employee Collusion and Management Override S/N Statement 5 4 3 2 1 9 Collusion among employees undermines the effectiveness of internal controls 10 Senior management can override controls for personal or organizational advantage 11 Fraudulent activities are often concealed by top executives 12 Internal audits are sometimes influenced or suppressed by management. Liquidity Position S/N Statement 5 4 3 2 1 13 The company has experienced cash flow challenges due to financial irregularities 14 Fraud-related losses have negatively affected the firm’s ability to meet obligations 15 The company’s liquidity ratio has declined over recent reporting periods 16 Fraud has made it difficult for the company to access short-term financing. Profitability Trends S/N Statement 5 4 3 2 1 17 Financial fraud has impacted the firm’s profitability over the last 3 years 18 Misreporting of revenue or expenses has led to distorted profit figures 19 Persistent fraud has contributed to business losses. 20 Fraud-related financial inconsistencies have discouraged investors and shareholders. |

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