Submit your papersSubmit Now
For Enquiries: [email protected]
IIARD LogoIIARD

An Evaluation of The Current State of Risk Management Practices and The Level of Awareness on Machine Learning Among Information Technology (IT) Project Managers

Nmelichukwu Ebubechukwu Nwankwo, Benedict Amade, Ibeawuchi Ifeanyi Echeme and, Gregory Chimere Enyinna

Abstract

This study aims to leverage machine learning (ML) for adaptive risk management in Nigerian information technology (IT) projects. The study's specific goal was to assess the present state of risk management procedures and ML awareness among IT project managers in Nigeria's Abuja, Lagos, and Rivers states. The study used snowballing and purposive selection strategies to pick 900 respondents from a finite population of 1000 practitioners, utilising the Cochran's method for sample size determination. The data collection and survey instrument included a well-structured questionnaire, performance statistics, and IT project site visits. The acquired data was presented in the form of frequency distribution tables, charts, and figures using descriptive statistical methods, specifically IBM SPSS Statistics version 26.0. Mean score ranking and the relative importance index were employed to evaluate the study's primary objectives. The study's findings indicate that risk management is still mainly immature and informal in Nigerian IT projects. The utilisation of quantitative risk analysis techniques (MIS=2.45) and specialised software tools (MIS=2.35) was extremely low, indicating that qualitative methods, manual procedures, and no analytical approaches are being used. Moderate scores for risk identification (MIS=3.15) and response planning (MIS=3.05) indicate a basic understanding of risk management concepts, whereas low scores for formal processes (MIS=2.85) and learning from previous projects (MIS=2.75) indicate a systematic lack of institutionalising risk management practices. The study also found that the majority of IT project managers are at the "Aware" or "Knowledgeable" level of ML, but only 14.7% have advanced to the "Applied" level, demonstrating a significant gap between knowledge and actual application. This report suggests that IT organisations use complete risk management frameworks, such as explicit policies, risk registers, and regular evaluations. Government and professional bodies should encourage ML adoption and training programs, which will lead to better risk management in IT projects.

Keywords

Machine learningInformation technologyRelative importance indexProjects.

References

Abaneme, O.G., Aboh, I., Moshood, M.R. & Assumang. D.K. (2025). Machine learning models for predictive risk assessment in healthcare IT projects. Advances in Research 26(4), 372- 84. https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2025/v26i41417. Adamantiadou, D.S.; & Tsironis, L. (2025). Leveraging artificial intelligence in project management: a systematic review of applications, challenges, and future directions. Computers 2025, 14, 66. 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14020066. Ajibola, O.O.E., Omiyale, A.D. & Ogunwolu, L. (2018). Assessment of home-based Nigerian engineers on risk management approach during project implementation. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 22 (3), 308 – 312. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v22i3.3. Akinsola, J. E. T., Ogunbanwo, A. S., & Odejide, O. A. (2020). A review of artificial intelligence and machine learning for predictive risk analysis in project management. International Journal of Project Management, 38(5), 1-15. Baharuddin, B. & Yusof, M.M. (2018). Evaluation of Risk Management Practices in Information Systems Project in the Public Sector. Jurnal Pengurusan 53(2018) 23 – 36. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2018-53-03. Bishop, C. M. (2006). Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Springer. Castillo-Ñopo, D.A., Loyola-Blanco, K.F., Castro-Marca, R. Rosa-Gavino, G.D.L., Aragón- Retuerto, J.G., Rafael-Sifuentes, H.A. & Marín-Rodriguez, W.J. (2024). Risk management in large-scale information system projects. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Scalable Information Systems 4 ,No. 4, 1-10. 2024. Cheng, M., Liu, G., & Xu, Y. (2020). A machine learning-based approach for predicting project success. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 146(3), 04020003. Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. Forster, K. & Strauss, T. (2025). Decentralised machine learning in healthcare and life sciences: Applying the technology acceptance model. Telematics and Informatics Reports 18 (2025) 100198. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teler.2025.100198. Geamanu, A., Dascalu, M., Neagu, A. & Guica, R.I. (2026). An integrated artificial intelligence tool for predicting and managing project risks. Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, 8, (1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/make8010001. Kutsch, E. & Hall, M. (2005). Intervening conditions on the management of project risk: Dealing with uncertainty in information technology projects. International Journal of Project Management, 23, 591–599. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2005.06.009. Mutanda, B., Mtombeni, A., Tapera, J. & Mashapure, R. (2025). Leveraging digital technologies to enhance business resilience in risk management. Chapter 10. DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693- 5912-9.ch010. 249-272. Copyright © 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global Scientific Publishing is prohibited. Nnadozie, E. I., Amade, B. & Enyinna, G. C. (2026). Adoption of artificial Intelligence (AI) on construction projects: An evaluation of the level of awareness and current state in Imo State, Nigeria; PM World Journal, Vol. XV, Issue I, 1-23. Nwankwo, N.E. (2026). Leveraging machine learning for adaptive risk management in information technology projects in Nigeria. A PhD Dissertation of the Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria. Odekunle, Y.O., Omotola; A.S., Edeh; C.G. & Chinonyerem, C.A. (2025). Leveraging artificial intelligence and predictive analytics for dynamic risk management in complex infrastructure projects. Mediterranean Publication and Research International. International Journal – EDIR, (9) 4, 72-88. Okong’o, O.F. (2022). Risk management and performance of information technology projects by commercial banks in Kenya. A PhD Dissertation of the Kenyatta University. Project Management Institute . (2021). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) (7th ed.). Project Management Institute, Inc. Project Management Institute, (2017). A guide to project management body of knowledge sixth edition. Newtown Square, PA 19073-3299, USA. Samadi, H., Nazari-Shirkouhi, S. & Keramati, A. (2014). Identifying and Analyzing Risks and Responses for Risk Management in Information Technology Outsourcing Projects Under Fuzzy Environment. International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, Vol. 13, 1-42. DOI: 10.1142/S021962201450076X. Schwalbe, K. (2019). Information Technology Project Management (9th ed.). Cengage Learning. Standish Group. (2020). CHAOS Report: Beyond Infinity. The Standish Group International, Inc. Tüysüz, F. & Kahraman, C. (2006). Project risk evaluation using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process: an application to information technology projects. International Journal of Intelligent Systems, 21, 559–584. DOI 10.1002/int.20148. Zhang, J., & Wang, Y. (2021). Natural language processing in construction: A review. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 51, 101478.