Removal of Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) From Pharmaceutical Waste Water Using Organic Membrane (Coconut Shell)
Abstract
This research work was carried out in order to reduce the harmful effects of pharmaceutical waste water on the environment. Acetaminophen commonly known as paracetamol was targeted because of its high production rate and use in Nigeria. The treatment of the waste water containing acetaminophen was done using organic membrane made by chemically activating coconut shell (agro-waste) with NaOH. The adsorbent was poured into three columns with varying heights of 4.0cm, 3.0cm and 0.8cm respectively. 150ml of waste water containing 439.42μg/ml of acetaminophen was passed through each column and after filtration it was found that the concentration of acetaminophen reduced to 148.58μg/ml, 184.42μg/ml and 76.09μg/ml respectively. The adsorption capacity of each column was calculated to be 3833.57μg/g, 4478.92μg/g and 23903.29μg/g for column 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The data obtained was modelled using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherms. The R2 values were compared and we concluded that Temkin isotherm best fitted the data as it had the highest R2 value of 0.93. The heat of adsorption reaction was evaluated from the Temkin Isotherm as 23850 J/mol which implies that the reaction was endothermic and after converting ΔQ to Kcal/mol we found that both chemical and physical adsorption took place as 5.7kcal/mol lies between 1-20.
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