References
Abdalati, H. (2017). The family structure in Islam (Rev. ed.). American Trust Publications. Adeyemi, N. K. (2023). Causes and challenges of marriage in Northwest Nigeria. African Anthropologist, 21(1), 22–67. Ajidagba, N., Ibrahim, M., & Yusuf, A. (2022). Menakar legalitas pernikahan dini dalam perspektif fiqh dan UU No. 16 Tahun 2019. Journal on Education, 4(4), 1477–1488. Akinyemi, A. I., Odimegwu, C. O., & Adebowale, A. S. (2025). Household status and socio- economic determinants of divorce among married women in Nigeria: Evidence from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys. Cogent Social Sciences, 11(1), Article 2536189. Ali, A. Y. (2015). The Holy Qur'an: Text, translation and commentary. Islamic Foundation. Amzat, J. (2019). Plucking the flower just too early: Community perspectives on age at marriage among adolescent girls in Nigeria. The Nigerian Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 17(1), 1–16. Anwar, M. (2018). Marriage stability and changing family values among Muslim communities. Journal of Islamic Social Studies, 12(2), 45–61. Bate, N., Arifin, Z., & Ahmad, R. (2023). Religious and cultural dialectics in determining early-age marriage: A case study from Indonesia. Istinbath, 22(2), 183–194. Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. John Wiley & Sons. Bowen, M. (1978). Family therapy in clinical practice. Jason Aronson. Crystal, D. (2000). Language death. Cambridge University Press. Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social exchange theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2, 335–362. Essien, E. E., George, I. N., & Modo, F. N. (2025). Premarital pregnancy, prolonged cohabitation and religious rules as predictors of marital dissolution among divorcees in Nigeria. PRIMUS Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 56–72. Fishman, J. A. (1991). Reversing language shift. Multilingual Matters. Halilu, M. (2016). Islamic perspectives on marital conflict resolution among Muslims in Northern Nigeria. Journal of Islamic Studies, 9(1), 65–79. Hamid, A., & Sanusi, M. A. (2016). Challenges and negative effects of divorce among Muslim women in Northern Nigeria. The Arts Journal, 5(2), 112–126. Homans, G. C. (1958). Social behavior as exchange. American Journal of Sociology, 63(6), 597–606. Isiugo-Abanihe, U. C. (1998). Stability of marital unions and fertility in Nigeria. Journal of Biosocial Science, 30(1), 33–41. Kamil, A. (2024). Early marriage in the perspective of Islamic law: A case study in Indonesia. FITRAH: Journal of Religion and Humanities, 10(1), 45–60. Lewis, M. P., & Simons, G. F. (2015). Sustainable language use and institutional support. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2015(232), 1–16. Mahmoud, A. (2019). Language policy implementation and indigenous language education in Nigeria. Journal of African Languages and Education, 8(2), 76–91. Nadda, A., Malik, J. S., Rahman, A., & Arora, V. (2018). Study of domestic violence among currently married females in Haryana, India. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 40(6), 534–539. National Population Commission. (2006). 2006 population and housing census of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Author. Nworgu, B. G. (2015). Educational research: Basic issues and methodology (3rd ed.). University Trust Publishers. Nzewuji, F. O., Uche, C. M., & Uche, I. B. (2024). Psychosocial variables enhancing marital stability among couples in Southeast Nigeria. Journal of Social Work Education, 60(3), 478–495. P-ISSN 2695-219X Odedokun, P., & Emmanuel, G. (2016). Management thoughts: The review of social action theory. Google Scholar. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=THE+REVIEW+OF+S OCIAL+ACTION+THEORY+By+Oyedokun%2C+Godwin+Emmanuel&btnG Oguejioffor, C. N. (2020). Early marriage and its impact on girls' education in Abakaliki Education Zone of Ebonyi State. UNIZIK Journal of Educational Research and Policy Studies, 4(1), 16–35. Onuoha, O. P. (2021). Masculinity, care and paternity in African families. Alkebulan: A Journal of West and East African Studies, 1(1), 69–77. Opesemowo, O. A., & Odumosu, E. T. (2023). The sway of early marriage on the girl-child education among selected ethnic groups in Lagos State, Nigeria. Journal of Culture and Values in Education, 6(3), 26–41. Osakinle, E., & Tayo-Olajubutu, O. (2017). Child marriage and health consequences in Nigeria. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology and Sciences, 30(1), 351–356. Pongoliu, H. (2017). Family of sakinah, mawaddah and rahmah in the concept of Islamic marriage. Al-Mizan: Journal of Islamic Law, 13(1), 1–16. Razu, S. R. (2018). Determinants of early marriage among women: An experience from rural Bangladesh. Journal of Gender Studies, 17(1), 127–136. Setiyanto, D. A. (2020). Discourse of middle way in Islamic jurisprudence on career women in achieving the sakinah family: Reconstruction of roles and women's identity. Justicia Islam, 17(1), 148. Suryantoro, D. D., & Taofiq, A. (2021). Nikah dalam pandangan hukum Islam. AHSANA MEDIA: Journal of Islamic Thought, Education and Research, 7(2), 38–45. Tampubolon, E., & Putri, L. (2021). Permasalahan perkawinan dini di Indonesia. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains, 2(5), 738–746. Tantu, A. (2013). Arti pentingnya pernikahan. Al Hikmah, 16(2), 257–265. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/30633-ID-arti-pentingnya-pernikahan.pdf UNICEF. (2021). Child marriage threatens the lives, well-being and futures of girls around the world. https://www.unicef.org/protection/child-marriage United Nations. (2023). The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2023. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2023 World Health Organization. (2021). Violence against women prevalence estimates, 2018. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240022256 Yamane, T. (1967). Statistics: An introductory analysis (2nd ed.). Harper & Row.