Exploring the Benefits of Decentralised Spatial Configuration in Centers for Arts and Culture in Southern Nigeria
Abstract
Arts and cultural institutions shape identity, memory, and social interaction through the configuration of their space, and contemporary scholarship increasingly positions them as active social environments rather than passive containers of artefacts, reflecting a broader shift from collection-centred to visitor-centred models of engagement. In Southern Nigeria, however, these institutions were historically built as centralised, monolithic structures that organised programmes around a single dominant core and treated movement as mere connective infrastructure, subordinating cultural engagement to functional efficiency. This study explored the benefits of decentralised spatial configuration in centres for arts and culture in Southern Nigeria, focusing on how distributing programmes across multiple connected nodes influenced spatial organisation, circulation, orientation, and cultural participation. The study responded to a contemporary demand for institutions that support explorative movement, communal gathering, and outdoor-oriented cultural life, a demand that the region's monolithic institutional tradition has struggled to meet. A predominantly qualitative approach was adopted, combining a systematic literature review with comparative case study analysis of four cultural institutions across local and international contexts, complemented by published post- occupancy evidence of user behaviour. The analysis was informed by the theories of architectural promenade, place theory, and the image of the city. Findings established that decentralised configuration produced multiple simultaneous activity points, networked and explorative circulation, stronger orientation through distributed spatial character, and richer cultural engagement integrated with transitional outdoor space suited to the region's tropical climate. The study concludes that decentralised spatial configuration offers a culturally responsive framework for centres for arts and culture in Southern Nigeria, contributing transferable design principles for institutional design in the region.
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