A Systematic Review of Green Corrosion Inhibitors from Agricultural Extracts for Mild Steel Protection in Acidic and Alkaline Media

Solomon Atta; Elvis Asomani; Oreoluwa Michael Adenuga

doi:10.56201/ijemt.vol.4.no1.2018.pg64.97

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A Systematic Review of Green Corrosion Inhibitors from Agricultural Extracts for Mild Steel Protection in Acidic and Alkaline Media

Solomon Atta, Elvis Asomani, Oreoluwa Michael Adenuga

Abstract

The deterioration of mild steel in aggressive service environments imposes recurring maintenance costs and safety risks across the petroleum, construction, water treatment, and processing industries. Conventional synthetic inhibitors, although effective, are frequently associated with toxicity, poor biodegradability, and rising regulatory pressure, motivating a shift toward inhibitors derived from renewable biological sources. This review synthesizes the published evidence on corrosion inhibitors obtained from agricultural extracts, including leaves, seeds, fruit and vegetable residues, bark, and processing by-products, applied to the protection of mild steel in acidic and alkaline media. Studies were retrieved from major bibliographic databases and screened against defined inclusion criteria covering substrate type, medium, evaluation method, and reporting completeness for the period up to and including 2018. The retained literature was analyzed for phytochemical composition, adsorption behaviour, inhibition mechanism, evaluation technique, and reported efficiency. The evidence indicates that agricultural extracts function predominantly as mixed-type inhibitors whose active constituents, chiefly alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, and related oxygen and nitrogen bearing molecules, adsorb onto the metal surface and form a protective barrier that most often conforms to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Reported inhibition efficiencies in acidic media frequently exceed eighty per cent and in several cases approach the performance of established synthetic inhibitors. The corpus is heavily weighted toward hydrochloric and sulphuric acid environments, while investigations in alkaline media remain comparatively limited and methodologically less standardized. Key determinants of performance include extract concentration, temperature, immersion time, medium composition, extraction protocol, and the presence of synergistic additives. Beyond technical performance, the valorization of agricultural residues as inhibitor feedstock offers waste-reduction and circular- economy benefits that strengthen the sustainability case for this inhibitor class. The review concludes that agricultural extracts represent a technically credible and environmentally favourable class of inhibitors, while highlighting persistent gaps in mechanistic characterization, standardization of testing, active-ingredient identification, long-term stability assessment, and field validation that constrain industrial translation. ISSN 2504-8856 www.iiardpub.org

Keywords

mild steel; green corrosion inhibitor; agricultural extract; adsorption isotherm; acidic media; alkaline media; inhibition efficiency; sustainability

References

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A Systematic Review of Green Corrosion Inhibitors from Agricultural Extracts for Mild Steel Protection in Acidic and Alkaline Media

Abstract

Keywords

References

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