Submit your papersSubmit Now
For Enquiries: [email protected]
IIARD LogoIIARD

Prevalence of Fascioliasis Among Cattle Slaughtered in Abattoirs in Yenegoa Metropolis Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Araka, Akugbenebibo Dominic, Sylva Ligeiaziba

Abstract

A study was carried out to determine the prevalence of fascioliasis among Cattle in Yenagoa Abattoirs, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, between August, 2025 to June, 2026. In undertaking this, feces and bile samples were collected and processed using formol ether concentration technique and microscopically examined for the presence of Fasciola eggs. Out of the 1000 fecal samples examined, the result showed that 105 (10.5%) of the cattle were infected with fascioliasis. The sex distribution result showed that, the female cattle had higher prevalence of 15.4% compared to the male with 5.6%. The animals age distribution of infection showed that, age <1 year recorded 18.18%, 1-2 years 19.51, >3 years 20.68%, 3-4 years 11.65% and ≥5 years 7.97%. Seasonal infection for fascioliasis was higher during the rainy season with 20.4% compared to the dry season with 3.6%. Overall prevalence of 8.8% was detected in gall bladder samples. Fascioliasis is prevalent in Cattle in Bayelsa metropolis and the health implication of these findings is that humans are at risk as fascioliasis is a zoonotic disease. There is therefore need to intensify effort to create more awareness of the knowledge of fascioliasis, pasture management, and anthelmintic administration to curb the spread of the infection. Advocating for effective control program in Yenagoa metropolis, public enlightenment on the role of snails in the life cycle of the parasite.

Keywords

FascioliasisCattlePrevalenceAbattoirFasciola hepaticaFasciola gigantica.

References

1. Adedipe, O.D., Uwalaka, E.C., Akinseye, V.O., Adediran, O. A. and Cadmus, S. I. B. 2014. Gastrointestinal helminths in slaughtered cattle in Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria. Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 1:1-6. 2. Keyyu, J.D.,Monrad, J.,Kyvsgaard, N.C .and Kassuku, .A. A. 2005. Epidemiology of Fasciola gigantica and amphistomes in cattle on traditional, small-scale dairy and large-scale dairy farms in the southern high lands of Tanzania. Tropical Animal Health and Production,37:303-314. 3. World Health Organization (2009). Fasciolosis: infestation with the neglected worms. Geneva: World Health Organization. [Online] Available at: http://www.who. Int/neglected diseases/integrated media/integrated media (Accessed on 24th April, 2016). 4. Haridy, F.M., Morsy, T.A., Gawish, I.N., Antonios, T..N., and Abdel Gawad A.G (2002). “The potential reservoir role of donkeys and horses in zoonotic fascioliasis in Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitology 32(2), 561–570. 5. Mas‐Coma, S., Valero, M.A., and Bargues, M.D (2009). Fasciola, lymnaeids and human fascioliasis, with a global overview on disease transmission, epidemiology, evolutionary genetics, molecular epidemiology and control. Advances in parasitology, 69, 41- 146. 6. Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2015). Fascioliasis infection. Available at:www.cdc.gov/parasitises/fasciola/. (Accessed on 24th April 2016). 7. Farag, H.F. (1993). Human fascioliasis in some countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 4 (1), 156–160. 8. WHO, (2007). Report of the WHO Informal Meeting on use of triclabendazole in fascioliasis control, Tech. Rep. WHO/CDS/ NTD/PCT. 9. WHO, (1998). Triclabendazole and fascioliasis—a new drug to combat an age-old disease, Fact Sheet no. 191. 10. Walker, S.M., Makundi, A.E., and Namuba, F.V. (2008). The distribu- tion of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica within Southern Tanzania constraints associated with the intermediate host, Parasitology, 135,( 4), 495–503. 11. Ogunrinade, A. and B. I. Ogunrinade, B.I. (1980). Economic importance of bovine fascioliasis in Nigeria, Tropical Animal Health and Production,12,( 3), 155–160. 12. Biu, A.A., Ahmed, M.I. and Mshelia, S.S. (2006). Economic assessment of losses due to parasitic diseases common at the Maidu- guri abattoir, Nigeria, African Scientist, 7, (3), 143–145. 13. Irving, J.A., Spithill, T.W., Pike, R.N., Whisstock, J.C. and Smooker, P.M. (2003). The evolution of enzyme specificity in Fasciola spp,” Journal of Molecular Evolution, 57 (1),1– 15. 14. McManus, D.P. and Dalton, J.P. (2006). “Vaccines against the zoonotic trematodes Schistosoma japonicum, Fasciola hepatica and Fasci- ola gigantica,” Parasitology, 133 (2), S43–S61. 15. Mas-Coma, S., Bargues, M.D. and Valero, M.A. (2005) Fascioliasis and other plant- borne trematode zoonoses,” International Jour- nal for Parasitology, 35(11-12),1255–1278. 16. Marques, M.T. and Scroferneker, M.L. (2003). Fasciola hepatica infection in cattle and buffaloes in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,” Parasitologia Latinoamericana,58 (3-4), 169–172. 17. Mason, C. (2004). Fascioliasis associated with metabolic disease in a dairy herd, and its effects on health and productivity,” Cattle Practice,12 (1), 7–13. 18. Adedokun, O.A., Ayinmode, A.B. and B. O. Fagbemi, B.O. (2008). Seasonal prevalence of Fasciola gigantica infection among the sexes in Nigerian cattle, Veterinary Research, P-ISSN 2695-222X 2 (1), 12–14. 19. Megard, J.P. (1978). Fasciolosis in Black Africa, Merck, Sharp & Dohme Research Development, Paris, France. 20. Kithuka, J.M., Maingi., N., Njeruh, F.M. and Ombui, J.N. (2002). The prevalence and economic importance of bovine fascioliasis in Kenya—an analysis of abattoir data, Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 69 (4), 255–262. 21. Babalola., D.A. and Schillhorn Van Veen, T.W. (1976). Incidence of fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered in Bauchi (Nigeria), Tropical Animal Health and Production, 8 (4), 243–247. 22. Maurice,J. (1994). Is something lurking in your liver?” New Scientist, 141 (1917), 26– 31. 23. Schillhorn Van Veen, T.W., Foloranmi, D.O.B., Usman,S. and T. Ishaya, T. (1980). Incidence of liver fluke infections (Fasciola gigantica and Dicrocoelium Hospes) in ruminants in northern Nigeria, Tropical Animal Health and Production, 12 (2), 97– 104. 24. Oladele-Bukola, M. and I. A. Odetokun, I.A. (2014). Prevalence of Bovine Fascioliasis at the Ibadan Municipal Abattoir, Nigeria, African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 14 (4), 9055–9070. 25. Usip, I.P.E., Ibanga, E.S. Edoho, H.J., Amadi, E.C. and E. Utah, E. (2014). Prevalence of Fascioliasis and the economic loss of condemned liver due to Fasciola infection in Cattle slaughtered at three abattoirs in Eket Urban, Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria,” Global Advanced Research Journal of Food Science and Technology, 3 (2), 54–75. 26. NPC/FRN, (2006). population census of Nigeria, federal republic of Nigeria. population distribution in local government areas by sex and number of households, legal notices on publication of the details of the breakdown of national and state provisional population census totals, official gazette, 94 (24). 27. BGIS, (2022). Bayelsa State Geographical Information Systems report on field surveys and mappings. 28. Cheesbrough, M. (2005). Parasitological testing in District laboratory practice in a. tropical countries, Part 2, edition Cambridge university press, Cambridge, U.K. 29. Universe (2023). Formal-ether concentration technique: introduction, principle, test requirements, test procedure and uses. Universe 84a.com/formal-ether-concentration- technique. 30. Cheesbrough, M. (1980). District laboratory practice in tropical countries, Part 1, Cambridge university press, Cambridge, U.K. 31. Esonu D.O. (2014). Prevalence of Fasciola gigantica eggs in sheep and goats and on salad vegetables in Zaria and environs, Nigeria. A Thesis Submitted to the School of Postgraduate Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria for the Award of the Degree of Master of Science in Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine; 32-63. 32. Shahzad, W., Mehmood, K., Munir, R., Waqar, A., Muhammad, I., Rashid, A. (2012) Prevalence and molecular diagnosis of Fasciola hepatica in sheep and goats in different districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 30 (32), 535-538. 33. Abah, A.E., Wokem, G.N., Sounyo, I.I. (2019). Fasciola infection in goats slaughtered from Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of One Health, 5 (11), 76-80. 34. Mbaye AW, Shingu P, Luka JA. Retrospective study onthe prevalence of Fasciola infection in sheep and goats at slaughter and associated economic losses from condemnation of infected liver in Maiduguri abattoir, Nigeria. Niger Vet J 2010; 31:224-8. 35. Reddington, J.J., Stewart, G.L., G. W. Kramar, G.W. and Kramar, M.A. (1981.). The effects of host sex and hormones on Trichinella spiralis in the mouse, The Journal of Parasitology, 67 (4), P-ISSN 2695-222X 548– 555. 36. Idris, H.S. and Madara, A.A. (2006). Vector competence and prevalence of Fasciola gigantica in cattle slaughtered in Gwagwalada abattoir, Abuja, Nigeria, Biological and Environmental Science Journal for the Tropics 1, (2), 48–52. 37. Magaji, A.A., Ibrahim, K., Salihu, M.D., Saulawa, M.A., Mohammed, A.A. and Musawa, A.I. (2014) Prevalence of Fascioliasis in Cattle Slaughtered in Sokoto Metropolitan Abattoir, Sokoto, Nigeria. Advances in Epidemiology, 10 (11), 55-62.