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A Study on The Influence of Barrel Temperature, Screw Speed and Feed Moisture on the Taste and Appearance of Extrudates Produced from Aerial Yam and Soybean Flour Mixture

Enobong Okon Umoh, and Godwin Akpan Usoh

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of barrel temperature, screw speed and feed moisture, as extrusion process parameters, on the taste and appearance qualities of extrudates produced from the mixture of aerial yam and soybean flours. The flour mixtures were extruded using single-screw food extruder. Sensory analysis was carried out using 9 points Hedonic scale to evaluate the taste and appearance of the extrudates. The effect of the extrusion process conditions (barrel temperature, screw speed and feed moisture) on the taste and appearance of the extrudates was determined using Response surface analysis. Results obtained indicate that the recorded scores for taste ranged from 4.68 to 6.78, and recorded scores for appearance of the extrudates ranged between 4.58 and 6.97. The highest taste score of 6.78 was obtained from extrudate produced at 105 °C barrel temperature, 115rpm screw speed and 35% feed moisture, while the lowest score of 4.68 was obtained from extrudate produced at 105 °C barrel temperature, 145rpm screw speed and 35% feed moisture. The highest score of 6.97 for Appearance was obtained from the extrudate produced at 100 °C barrel temperature, 130rpm screw speed and 33% feed moisture, while the lowest score of 4.58 was recorded for extrudate produced at 95 °C barrel temperature, 115rpm screw speed and 35% feed moisture. Analysis of variance at 5% level of significance indicated that barrel temperature, screw speed and feed moisture, as extrusion process parameters, significantly (p < 0.05) affected the taste of the extruded aerial yam and soybean flour mixture. Barrel temperature and feed moisture had significant (p < 0.05) effect on Appearance, while screw speed had non-significant (p > 0.05) effect on the Appearance of the extrudates.

Keywords

Extrusion parametersResponse surface analysisAerial yamSoybean flourSensory evaluationExtrudates

References

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