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Climate-Responsive Design Strategies for Vocational Training Centers in Hot Semi-Arid Climates: A Case Study of Kano State, Nigeria

Domo-Spiff Inatimi Eric

Abstract

The increasing demand for energy-efficient and thermally comfortable educational facilities in hot semi-arid climates necessitates innovative architectural approaches that integrate passive design principles with locally available materials. This study investigates the application of climate-responsive strategies to enhance thermal comfort and functionality in vocational training centres, with a specific focus on Kano State, Nigeria. Employing a mixed-methods approach that combines field surveys, climatic data analysis, material performance testing, and computational simulations, this research evaluates the thermal performance of clay bricks as sustainable thermal mass materials in comparison to conventional concrete construction. The study area, located along Hadejia Highway in Kano, experiences a hot semi-arid climate characterized by intense solar radiation, high diurnal temperature variations, and low humidity levels. Field measurements revealed that conventional concrete structures exhibit indoor temperatures exceeding 35°C during peak hours, significantly compromising occupant comfort and learning efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the integration of clay brick walls (400mm thickness) with strategic building orientation (east-west axis elongation) and cross-ventilation systems can reduce indoor temperatures by 6-8°C compared to conventional designs, while minimizing reliance on mechanical cooling systems. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable architecture in tropical climates and provide practical guidelines for designing thermally comfortable educational facilities that respond to local climatic conditions and material availability.

Keywords

Climate-responsive architecturethermal comfortvocational training centerspassive designclay bricksthermal masshot semi-arid climatesustainable building materialsKano StateNigeria

References

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