Perceived Parenting Styles as Predictors of Substance Use Among Substance Abusers

Arria A. M, Caldeira K. M, Bugbee B. A, Vincent K. B, & O’Grady K. E. (2013). The academic opportunity costs of substance use during college. College Park: Center on Young Adult Health and Development. Ashmore, R. D. Deaux, K. & McLaughlin-Volpe, T. (2004). 'An organizing framework for collective identity: Articulation and significance of multidimensionality'. Psychological Bulletin. 130 (1): 80–114. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.1.80. PMID 14717651. S2CID 14130215 Baumrind, D. (1966). Effects of authoritative parental control on child behaviour. Child Development, 37887-907. Baumrind D. (1971). Current patterns of parental authority. Developmental Psychology. 4:1– 103. doi: 10.1037/h0030372. Baumrind D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance abuse. Journal of Early Adolescence. 11:56–95. doi: 10.1177/0272431691111004. Baumrind, D. (1991). Parenting styles and adolescent development. In J. Brooks-Gunn, R. Lerner, and A. C. Peterson (Eds.), The encyclopedia of adolescence (746-758). New York: Baumrind, D. (2005). Patterns of parental authority and adolescent autonomy. New Directions For Child & Adolescent Development, 2005(108), 61-69. Becker J. B, Perry A. N, & Westenbroek C. (2012). Sex differences in the neural mechanisms mediating addiction: a new synthesis and hypothesis. Biol Sex Differ. 3(1):1–35. Benchaya, M. C., Moreira, T. C., Constant, H. M. R. M., Pereira, N. M., Freese, L., Ferigolo, M., & Barros, H. M. T. (2019). Role of Parenting Styles in Adolescent Substance Use Cessation: Results from a Brazilian Prospective Study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(18), 3432. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183432 Bennett T. H, & Holloway K. R. (2014). Drug misuse among university students in the UK: implications for prevention. Subst Use Misuse. 49(4):448–55. Benwell, B. & Stokoe, E. (2006). Discourse and Identity. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-1749-4. JSTOR 10.3366/j.ctt1r2356 Blows, S., & Isaacs, S. (2022). Prevalence and factors associated with substance use among university students in South Africa: implications for prevention. BMC Psychol 10, 309. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-022-00987-2 Bowlby J. (1969/1982). Attachment and loss: 1. Attachment. 2. New York: Basic Books;. Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development. New York: Basic Books. Brown, R. J.; Zagefka, H. (2006). 'Choice of comparisons in intergroup settings: the role of temporal information and comparison motives'. European Journal of Social Psychology. 36 (5): 649–671. doi:10.1002/ejsp.311 Buddy, T. (2023). Addiction: An Overview of Substance Use. https://www.verywellmind.com/substance-use-4014640 Clark D. A, Donnellan M. B, Durbin C. E, et al. (2020). Sex, drugs, and early emerging risk: Examining the association between sexual debut and substance use across adolescence. PLoS ONE. 15(2):e0228432. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228432 Corrao M, Guindon G, Sharma N, & Shokoohi D (2000). Tobacco control country profiles. Atlanta: The American Cancer Society. Crittenden, P. M., Dallos, R., Landini, A., &Kozlowska, K. (2014). Attachment and family therapy. London, United Kingdom: McGraw-Hill. Csete J, (2016). Kamarulzaman A, Kazatchkine M, et al. Public health and international drug policy. Lancet. 387(10026):1427–1480. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00619-X Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting style as context: an integrative model. Psychol. Bull. 113, 487–496. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.113.3.487 Doosje, B. & Haslam, S. A. (2005). 'What Have They Done for Us Lately? The Dynamics of Reciprocity in Intergroup Contexts'. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 35 (3): 508–535. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02133.x Du Preez R, Pentz C. D, & Lategan B. W. (2016). Why students drink: a study of South African university students’ drinking behaviour. S Af J High Educ. 30(2):73–93. Edmonds L, & Wilcocks L. (1995). Teen drug scene-South Africa: a guide for parents and schools. Wendywood: Little Oak. Gershoff E. T. (2013). Spanking and Child Development: We Know Enough Now To Stop Hitting Our Children. Child development perspectives, 7(3), 133–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12038 Giordano P., Cernkovich S. A, & Rudolph J. L. (2002). Gender, Crime, and Desistance: Towards a Theory of Cognitive Transformation. American Journal of Sociology. 107:990–1064. Graupensperger, S. A., Benson, A. J., & Evans, M. B. (2018). Everyone Else Is Doing It: The Association Between Social Identity and Susceptibility to Peer Influence in NCAA Athletes. Journal of sport & exercise psychology, 40(3), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2017-0339 Hartney, E. (2022). Addiction: What to Know About Peer Pressure: It's not as simple as just saying no. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-peer-pressure-22246 Haslam, C., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., Bevins, A., Ravenscroft, S., & Tonks, J. (2010). The social treatment: the benefits of group interventions in residential care settings. Psychology and aging, 25(1), 157–167. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018256 Hirschi, T. (1969). Key idea: Hirschi’s social bond/social control theory. Key Ideas in Criminology and Criminal Justice, 55-69. Horowitz, T. R. (1992). Dropout—Mertonian or Reproduction Scheme? Adolescence, 27, 451- 459. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018789320129 Howe, D. (2011). Attachment across the Lifecourse: A brief Introduction. Palgrave Mc Millan. Hudson, W. W. (1982). The clinical measurement package: A field manual. Chicago, IL: Dorsey Press. Hughes S. O. Power T. G. Fisher J. O, et al. (2005) Revisiting a neglected construct: Parenting styles in a child-feeding context. Appetite.44:83–92. Jaouahir I, Azzaoui F. Z, Lotfi S, Ahami A, Faid M, & Rusinek S. (2015). Listening withdrawal psychotherapy from psychoactive substances addiction among young Moroccan trainees. Int J Multidiscip Approach Stud. 2(6):158–65. Jellinek, E. M. (1960). The Disease Concept of Alcoholism. New Brunswick, N.J.: Hillhouse,. Keyzers, A., Lee, S. K., & Dworkin, J. (2020). Peer Pressure and Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood: A Latent Profile Analysis. Substance use & misuse, 55(10), 1716–1723. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2020.1759642 Khantzian, E. J. (1978). The ego, the self and opiate addiction: Theoretical and treatment considerations. International Review of Psychoanalysis, 5:189-198. Khantzian E. J. (1980). An ego/self theory of substance dependence: a contemporary psychoanalytic perspective. NIDA research monograph, 30, 29–33. Khantzian, E. J. Mack, J. E.; & Schatzberg, A. F. (1974). Heroin use as an attempt to cope: Clinical observations. American Journal of Psychiatry, 131(2):160-164. Khantzian, E .J. & Treece, C. J. (1977). Psychodynamic aspects of drug dependence: An overview. In: Blaine, J.D., and Julius, D.A., eds. Psychodynamics of Drug Dependence. Research Monograph No. 12. Rockville, Md.: National Institute on Drug Abuse, 11-25. Kim J, & Fletcher J. M. (2018). The influence of classmates on adolescent criminal activities in the United States. Deviant Behav. 39(3):275-292. doi:10.1080/01639625.2016.1269563 Kıran-Esen, B. (2003b). Peer Pressure Scale: Validity and reliability study. Educational Science and Practice, 2, 65-79. Krystal, H. & Raskin, H. A. (1970). Drug Dependence: Aspects of Ego Functions. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. Kyei K. A, & Ramagoma M. (2013). Alcohol consumption in South African universities: prevalence and factors at the University of Venda. Limpopo province. J Soc Sci. 36(1):77–86. Long, K.; Spears, R. (1997). Spears, R.; Oakes, P. J.; Ellemers, N; et al. (eds.). 'The self-esteem hypothesis revisited: Differentiation and the disaffected'. The Social Psychology of Stereotyping and Group Life. Oxford: Blackwell: 273–295. Maccoby, E., & Martin, J. (1983). “Socialization in the context of the family: parent-child interaction”, in Handbook of Child Psychology Socialization, Personality, and Social Development, Vol. 4, eds. E. M. Hetherington and P. H. Mussen (New York, NY: Wiley), 1–101 Menninger, K . (1938). Man Against Himself. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World. Mirin, S. M., Meyer, R. E., McNamee, H. B. & McDougle, H. 1976 (). Psychopathology, craving and mood during heroin acquisition: An experimental study. International Journal of the Addictions, 11:525-544. Morris, H., Larsen, J., Catterall, E., Moss, A. C., & Dombrowski, S. U. (2020). Peer pressure and alcohol consumption in adults living in the UK: a systematic qualitative review. BMC public health, 20(1), 1014. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09060-2 National Institute on Drug Abuse (2014). Principles of adolescent substance use disorder treatment: a research-based guide. Washington DC: NIDA Publication. National Institute on Drug Abuse (2018). Understanding drug use and addiction. National Institute on Drug Abuse (2018). Terms to use and avoid when talking about addiction. National Institute on Drug Abuse for Teens (2023). Why Does Peer Pressure Influence Teens To Try Drugs?. Omeje, O., Anikene, B. K., Francis, C. C., Chikwendu, C. E., Raphael, U. A. Sanusi, J. A. Ekwo, J. C., & Douglas, J. U. (2023). Relationship between academic anxiety and substance use among undergraduate student. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Research 9(6) 2695-2203. . E-ISSN 2545- 5303 P-ISSN Omoluabi P. F. (2002) Impact of Parenting Style and Family Relation on the Development of Psychopathy. Department of Psychologist, University of Lagos. Pengpid. S, Peltzer K, & Van Der Heever. H. (2013). Problem alcohol use and associated factors in a sample of university students in South Africa. J Psychol Afr. 23(2):243–9. Piotrowski, J. T., Lapierre, M. A., & Linebarger, D. L. (2013). Investigating correlates of self- regulation in early childhood with a representative sample of English-speaking American families. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22(3), 423–436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-012-9595-z Pomerantz, E. M., Grolnick, W. S., & Price, C. E. (2005). The Role of Parents in How Children Approach Achievement: A Dynamic Process Perspective. In A. J. Elliot & C. S. Dweck (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation (pp. 229–278). Guilford Publications. Postmes, T. & Branscombe, N. (2010). 'Sources of social identity'. In T. Postmes & N. Branscombe . Rediscovering Social Identity: Core Sources. Psychology Press. Puljević C, & Learmonth D. (2014). Substance abuse prevention in Cape Town’s peri-urban settlements: local health trainers’ perspectives. Health Psychol Behav Med Open Access J. 2(1):183–97. Rajan, O. & Rema M.K (2022), Influence of Perceived Parenting Style on Self Esteem Among adolescents. Int J Recent Sci Res. 13(04), 932-935. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2022.1304.0202 Sabramani V, Idris I. B, Ismail H, Nadarajaw T, Zakaria E, & Kamaluddin M. R. (2021). Bullying and its associated individual, peer, family and school factors: Evidence from Malaysian National Secondary School students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 18(13):7208. doi:10.3390/ijerph18137208 Sampson R. J, & Laub J. H. (1993). Crime in the Making: Pathways and Turning Points Through Life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Skinner H. A (1982). The Drug Abuse Screening Test. Addict Behav 7(4):363-371. Yudko E, Lozhkina O, Fouts A (2007). A comprehensive review of the psychometric properties of the Drug Abuse Screening Test. J Subst Abuse Treatment 32:189-198. Smart R. G. (1980). An availability-proneness theory of illicit drug abuse. NIDA research monograph, 30, 46–49. Soňa, T. (2017). The Effect of Age, Sex, and Parenting Styles on Self-Esteem in Young Adults Stanaland A, & Gaither S. (2021). “Be a man”: The role of social pressure in eliciting men’s aggressive cognition. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 47(11):1596-1611. doi:10.1177/0146167220984298 Sweeten, G., Shawn Bushway, S. D. & Paternoster, R. (2009). Does dropping out of school mean dropping into delinquency? Criminology 47(1):47 – 91. DOI:10.1111/j.1745- 9125.2009.00139.x Tajfel, H. (1970). Experiments in intergroup discrimination. Scientific American, 223, 96–102. Tajfel, H. (1978). The achievement of inter-group differentiation. In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Differentiation between social groups (77–100). London: Academic Press. Turner, J. C. & Reynolds, K. J. (2010) The Story of Social Identity. In: Postmes, T. and Branscombe, N., Eds., Rediscovering Social Identity: Core Sources, Psychology Press, New York, 13-32. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In W. G. Austin, & S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (33-37). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole. Tajfel, H. & Turner, J.C. (1986) The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behaviour. In: Worchel, S. and Austin, W.G., Eds., Psychology of Intergroup Relation, Hall Publishers, Chicago, 7-24. Turner, J. C., & Onorato, R. S. (1999). Social identity, personality, and the self-concept: A self- categorizing perspective. In T. R. Tyler, R. M. Kramer, & O. P. John (Eds.), The psychology of the social self (pp. 11–46). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. The National Drug Strategy (2010-2015). A framework for action on alcohol, tobacco, illegal and other drugs: Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy - Australia. Watson J. B. (1914). Behaviour: an introduction to comparative psychology. New York: Holt;. White H. R, Labouvie E. W, & Papadaratsakis V. (2005). Changes in substance use during the transition to adulthood: a comparison of college students and their noncollege age peers. J Drug Issues. 35(2):281–306. Wolfe E. L, Davis T, Guydish J, & Delucchi K. L. (2005). Mortality risk associated with perinatal drug and alcohol use in California. J Perinatol. 25(2):93–100. World Health Organization (2014). Management of Substance Abuse Unit: Global status report on alcohol and health: World Health Organization. World Health Organization [Internet]. Substance abuse. 2018 [cited 2024]. https://www.who.int/topics/substance_abuse/en/. Wurmser, L. (1974). Psychoanalytic considerations of the etiology of compulsive drug use. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 22:820-843. Yorke, C. A. (1970). critical review of some psychoanalytic literature on drug addiction. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 43:141-159, Young C, & de Klerk V. (2008). Patterns of alcohol use on a South African university campus: the findings of two annual drinking surveys. Afr J Drug Alcohol Stud. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajdas.v7i2.46367. Young C, & de Klerk V. (2012). Correlates of heavy alcohol consumption at Rhodes University. J Child Adolesc Ment Health. 24(1):37–44. Young C, & Mayson T. (2010). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Scale normative scores for a multiracial sample of Rhodes University residence students. J Child Adolesc Ment Health. 22(1):15–23. Zinberg, N. E. (1975). Addiction and ego function. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 30:567- 588.