Optimizing Abattoir Layouts: A Study of Design Efficiency, Workflow, and Animal Welfare
Abstract
Abattoirs represent a critical yet often marginalized component of urban and regional infrastructure, operating at the intersection of food security, public health, environmental sustainability, and animal welfare. Despite their importance, many abattoir facilities in developing countries are characterized by inefficient spatial layouts, fragmented workflows, and limited integration of animal welfare considerations into architectural design. These deficiencies contribute to operational inefficiencies, increased risks of cross-contamination, environmental degradation, and ethical concerns surrounding livestock handling. This study investigates how architectural layout optimization can enhance design efficiency, workflow continuity, and animal welfare in abattoir facilities. Drawing on a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed literature, international best-practice guidelines, and comparative analysis of modern abattoir facilities, the study synthesizes key architectural principles that support humane handling and efficient processing. The findings demonstrate that linear workflow planning, functional zoning, welfare-responsive lairage design, and climate-appropriate environmental strategies significantly improve operational performance and animal welfare outcomes. The paper argues that abattoir design should be reframed as a core architectural and public health concern and advocates for context-responsive, humane design strategies suitable for developing economies.
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