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Computational Optimization of Chemical Dosage in Raw Water Treatment in a Clarifier Using Central Composite Design (CCD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Hayatuddeen Abubakar, Abubakar Bello, Francis Michael Kwende, and, Hassan, Sadiq

Abstract

This research project focuses on the optimization of chemical dosages used in the raw water clarification process at a water treatment plant, utilizing Central Composite Design and Response Surfac Methodology . The study specifically targets the dosages of three key treatment chemicals: Aluminium Sulphate (Factor A), Chlorine (Factor B), and Lime (Factor C), measured in g/m3. A laboratory-scale flocculator test was conducted based on a 20-run experimental design generated by Design Expert 7.0.0 software, employing a rotatable CCD. The responses measured for each experimental run were the pH (R1), In contrast, the quadratic model for pH was found to be statistically non-significant (F-value=1.13, p=0.4238), with an inadequate signal-to-noise ratio, indicating that the tested factors did not have a significant, predictable effect on pH within the studied range. Quadratic models were developed for each of the four responses. The findings from the Analysis of Variance revealed distinct model performances. Turbidity in NTU (R2), A highly significant quadratic model (F-value=14.19, p<0.0001) was obtained. Significant model terms included the main factors A and C , the interaction terms AC and BC, and the quadratic terms A2 and C2. Total Dissolved Solids in mg/L (R3), A significant quadratic model (F-value=11.91, p=0.0003) was developed. The analysis identified factors B (Chlorine), C , and the quadratic terms A2, B2, and C2 as significant model terms and Conductivity in μs (R4) of the treated water a significant quadratic model (F-value=7.40, p=0.0022) was established. Significant influences were found for factors B (Chlorine) and C , their interaction (BC), and the quadratic terms B2 and C2.

Keywords

Quadratic modelTotal Dissolved SolidsCentral Composite Design (CCD)Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

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