Black Energy in Texas: Energy Transition and Labor Market Equity- Integrating Workforce Development into State Energy Policy

Adams, M. O., Johnson, L. A., & Osho, G. S. (2022). Public Opinions of Black Democrats in Texas: An Empirical Investigation. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 12(4), 3546–3546. Adams, M. O., Robinson, C. G., Osho, G. S., & Adejonwo, O. K. (2006). Brown v. the board: The next 50 years of achievement? Empirical analysis and projection. Journal of College Teaching & Learning , 3(6). Adams, M., & Osho, G. (2007). The effects of performance assessment and communication systems on Social Security Administration’s production. International Bulletin of Business Administration, 1(2), 6–10. Arungwa, S. C., & Osho, G. S. (2012). Policy implications and assessments of inmate education and reentry: Empirical evidence from Harris County Texas. European Journal of Social Sciences, 27(3), 360–373. Ahmed, D., Cage, A., Conway, M., Ervin, B., Gupta, S., Henriksen, M., Kriger, T., Levesque, C., Marschall, D., Melancon, G., Seven, K., Whirl, J., Ziogas, A., Energy Workforce Advisory Board, Office of Energy Jobs, Energy Workforce Strategy Council, UC Berkeley Labor Center, U.S. Department of Energy, & Egan, P. (2024). Strategy for a 21st-century energy workforce. U.S. Department of Energy. https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2024- 09/Strategy%20for%20a%2021st%20Century%20Energy%20Workforce.pdf Black pioneers in energy. (2024). Energy.gov. https://www.energy.gov/articles/black-pioneers- energy Bohne, C. (2025). Jake Simmons Jr. and East Texas oil. East Texas History. https://easttexashistory.org/items/show/364 Electric Reliability Council of Texas. (2024). Energy indicators. Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. https://www.dallasfed.org/research/energy/indicators/2024/en2404 Fisher, M. (2023, May 29). American Association of Blacks in Energy. DeSmog. https://www.desmog.com/american-association-blacks-energy/ Jones, T. L., & Floodlight. (2023, December 2). In communities of color, most oil and gas jobs still go to white workers. Capital B News. https://capitalbnews.org/oil-gas-hiring-bias/ Knox, Robert, Michael O. Adams, Samuel Arungwa, and Gbolahan S. Osho. 'A Practical Guide for Policy Analysis on Affirmative Action Policy.' Journal of Public Administration and Governance 10, no. 3 (2020): 112–121. Knox, R., Adams, M. O., & Osho, G. S. (2017). History and Relevance of Patronage, the Civil Service Reform and the Pendleton Act: The Rationale for Congressional Intervention. J. Pub. Admin. & Gov., 7, 55. Lehmann, S., Hunt, N., Frongillo, C., & Jordan, P. (2021). Diversity in the U.S. energy workforce: Data findings to inform state energy, climate, and workforce development policies and programs. National Association of State Energy Officials & BW Research Partnership. https://www.naseo.org/data/sites/1/documents/publications/Workforce%20Diversity%20 Data%20Findings%20MASTER%20Final42.pdf Nunes, S. T., Osho, G. S., & Nealy, C. (2004). The impact of human interaction on the development of virtual teams. Journal of Business & Economics Research , 2(12). Ochonogo, K. N., Osho, G. S., & Anoka, C. O. (2024). Supply chain disruptions and firm performance: Proffering feasible and sustainable solutions to mitigating futuristic jpaswr disruptions in the COVID-19 pandemic era. The International Journal of Engineering and Science, 13(11), 10–12 Ochonogor, K. N., Osho, G. S., Anoka, C. O., & Dieli, O. J. (2022). The impact of supplier base consolidation on procurement, delivery, and production costs: Supply chain operations optimization and vendor consolidation. International Research in Economics and Finance, 6(4), 10. Opara, E., Dieli, O. J., Osho, G. S., & Tandon, S. (2026). Managing bias and prejudice in AI- driven enterprise systems: Implications for governance, risk, controls, and ethical deployment in business and economic environments. International Journal of Business Marketing and Management, 11(1), 4–15. Opara, E. U., Dieli, O. J., Osho, G. S., Stiff, C., & Gordon, K. (2026). Generative artificial intelligence as a catalyst for enterprise transformation: Evidence from revenue growth, productivity, and industry disruption. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Business and Management Research, 3(1), 1–22. IAEME Publications. Osho, G. S. (2025). Developing a sustainable framework on the energy transition and its effects on alternative new funding realities for national oil companies. Oil & Gas Workshop on Global Energy Transition and Navigating New Funding Realities, Doha, Qatar. Osho, G. S. (2026). Returns on carbon, methane reductions, and energy transition in the global oil and gas market. International Journal of Technical & Scientific Research Engineering, 9(1), 1–19. Osho, G. S. (2025). Modeling Consumer Demand Using a General Ratio Preference Analysis: Theoretical Insights from the Almost Ideal Demand System Framework versus the Double Log Demand Model. International Journal of Business Management and Finance Research, 8(7), 1–7. Osho, G. S. (2025). Computable general equilibrium modeling for regional factor demand: Policy impacts and factor mobility in economic development. International Journal of Regional Development, 12(1), 1–23. Osho, G. S., Adams, M., Coleman, Q., & Uwakonye, M. (2020). 2020 Stimulus Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act: Comparative Analysis of President Roosevelt’s New Deal Programs and President Obama’s American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of. Journal of Social and Development Sciences (ISSN 2221-1152), 11(1), 19–26. Osho, G. S. (2026). Hydropower, Climate Change, and the Green Energy Transition in Nigeria: Assessing Economic and Policy Pathways Toward a Low-Carbon Future. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management, 8(1), 288–300. Osho, G. S., Ochonogor, K. N., & Ojumu, M. (2024). Impact of Supply Chain Management in the Construction Industry for Effective Project Delivery. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management, 6(10), 602–609. Osho, G., Adams, O. M., Jones, R. N., & Onwudiwe, D. I. (2006). An empirical analysis of the Federal Emergency Management Agency. International Bulletin of Business Administration, 1(1), 127–135. Osho, G. S. (2005). Effect of overtime on productivity and quality in manufacturing plants. Business Research Yearbook, 12(2), 804–808. University Press of America. Osho, G., Oloyede, B., Adetosoye, A., Fernandes, M., & Samuel, R. (2005). Drilling an offshore well within the economic budget constraints. Southwest Review of International Business Research, 16(1), 213–220. Osho, G., Nazemzadeh, A., Osagie, J., & Williford, R. (2005). Increased demand for oil in jpaswr developing countries: Effects on the global oil trade. Southwest Rev. Int. Bus. Res, 15, 221–231. Osho, G. S., Ashe, C., & Wickramatunge, J. (2006). Correlation of morale, productivity and profit in organizations. Natl Soc Sci J, 26(1), 108–115. Pathways to Science. (2025). American Association of Blacks in Energy scholarship. https://www.pathwaystoscience.org/programhub.aspx?sort=OPP-AABE-Scholarship Power and People: Working conditions in the Texas clean energy transition. (2024, August 16). Climate Jobs Institute, Cornell University ILR School. https://www.ilr.cornell.edu/climate-jobs-institute/public-impact-0/power-and-people- working-conditions-texas-clean-energy-transition Quddus, M., Williams, M., Quazi, R., Ojumu, O., & Osho, G. (2022). Economic Impact of Prairie View A&M University on the Local, Regional, and State Economies in Texas. Research in Higher Education Journal, 42. Sustainable Energy for All. (2025). Overview of Black people in the global energy workforce. Tamez, V., & Osho, G. S. (2025). AI Disruption at Scale: DeepSeek’s Open-Source Model and Its Macroeconomic Impact on Markets, Labor, and Global Growth. International Journal of Business Management and Finance Research, 8(3), 1–11. Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts. (2023). Texas Comptroller energy tour: Energy workforce training and education. https://comptroller.texas.gov/economy/economic- data/energy/2023/workforce.php Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts. (2025). Fiscal year 2023 annual HUB report. https://comptroller.texas.gov/data/purchasing/hub/fy23 Uwakonye, M. N., Osho, G. S., Adams, M. O., & Haj, M. (2020). Analysis of crude oil price and household income in the state of Louisiana. International Research in Economics and Finance, 4(1), 1–7. Uwakonye, Matthew, and Gbolahan S. Osho. 'Economics Recession and Historically Black Colleges and Universities: An Analysis of Factors Impacting Historically Black Colleges and Universities.' International Journal of Education 4, no. 4 (2012): 328. Vairez Jr, M. R., Hermond, D. S., Gomez Jr, F. C., & Osho, G. S. (2017). Factors that contribute to the disparity in academic achievement of students from southern Belize. Caribbean Quarterly, 63(1), 83–108. Webber, M. E. (2020). Racial disparities in the workforce harm the energy industry. ASME Energy Blog. https://www.asme.org/topics-resources/content/energy-blog-the-color-of- energy