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Studies on the Level of Aflatoxins and Proximate Composition of Some Commercial Feeds in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

Okeke, P. A, Ohatururonye, S. O, ., Ikechukwu, C.C, ., Ayaobu-Cookey, I. K, ., Evulobi. O., O. C, and Nwaechem, I, .

Abstract

This study evaluated the proximate composition and aflatoxin contamination (B1, B2, G1 and G2) of four commercial feed samples (T1–T4) over a four-week period. Proximate analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) among treatments. Moisture content ranged from 6.60–8.71%, while crude protein increased progressively from T1 (27.60%) to T4 (38.40%). Crude fiber was highest in T4 (9.85%), whereas carbohydrate content decreased from T1 (38.74%) to T4 (28.08%). These trends were generally consistent with manufacturers’ declared compositions, which also indicated increasing protein and declining carbohydrate levels across treatments. Aflatoxin levels increased progressively during storage in all feed samples. Aflatoxin B1 concentrations were low in Week 1 (0.00–0.14 ppb) but increased significantly by Weeks 3 and 4 (1.00–1.33 ppb), with no significant differences among treatments at later stages. Aflatoxin B2 showed a similar increasing trend, with significantly higher accumulation in T1 and T2 by Week 4 (2.07–2.18 ppb). Aflatoxin G1 was undetected in Week 1 but rose significantly by Week 4, reaching peak levels in T2 (2.97 ppb) and T1 (2.24 ppb). Likewise, aflatoxin G2 increased steadily over time, with T4 recording the highest value (2.99 ppb) at Week 4. Overall, while the feeds demonstrated adequate nutritional composition, aflatoxin concentrations increased significantly with storage duration, indicating potential risks associated with prolonged storage conditions. Key words: Awka Agricultural Zone, Fish feed, Aflatoxins, Proximate composition.

Keywords

Awka Agricultural ZoneFish feedAflatoxinsProximate composition.

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