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Genesis of Alluvial Titanium Resources in the Bularafa Area of Yobe State: An Integrated Spatial and Petrographic Studies

Alamin Muhammad Ahmad, Ahmed Isah Haruna, Abubakar Maigari Sadiq, Umar Umar, Sambo, Abdulbari Saleh Dandashire, Abdulmajid Isa Jibrin

Abstract

This study investigates the origin of an alluvial titanium resources located within the Bularafa Area of Yobe State. Thorough aeromagnetic map studies, comprehensive field mapping and petrographic examination, were employed to interpret the regional lithological framework and the processes controlling titanium mineralization. Spatial observations revealed that sedimentary units were intruded by distinct volcanic plugs exhibiting diverse structural features, including columnar jointing (vertical, dipping, and horizontal), brecciation, and layering. Petrographic studies indicate that these plugs have basaltic-intermediate composition and is characterized by a homogeneous, fine-grained matrix with low alkali feldspar, and contain rutile and opaque phases such as ilmenite. Subsequent weathering and erosion liberated these heavy minerals, which were concentrated through fluvial and eolian processes to form an alluvial deposit with exceptionally high titanium mineral constituents. The integrated results establish a genetic link between the volcanic plugs and the alluvial titanium deposit, highlighting significant economic potential for titanium extraction in the region.

Keywords

TitaniumAlluvialBasaltic-intermediateAeromagneticVolcanic plugs

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