Submit your papersSubmit Now
For Enquiries: [email protected]
IIARD LogoIIARD

Social Dignity Concerns on Nutritional Choices Among Civil Servants in Akamkpa Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria

Ekpenyong, Edom Itam, Asuquo, Patrick Nyong, Etorti, Imoke John,

Abstract

This study examined the impact of social dignity concerns on nutritional choices among civil servants in Akamkpa Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria. The study sought to explore employees’ perceptions of dignity as it relates to food consumption, assess the extent to which dignity concerns shape dietary choices, and examine how social status influences everyday nutritional knowledge and practices within the workplace. An analytical cross-sectional research design was adopted, employing a quantitative survey approach. A sample of 300 respondents was selected from a target population of 1,200 civil servants using stratified random sampling techniques. Data were collected using a validated four- point Likert-scale questionnaire, with reliability established through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (? = 0.82). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, incorporating descriptive statistics and inferential analyses, including Chi-square tests. Findings revealed a statistically significant association between dignity concerns and the types of nutritional choices made by government employees (?2 = 139.05, df = 21, p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found between male and female civil servants regarding perceptions of dignity and its influence on nutritional behavior (?2 = 1.175, df = 2, p > 0.05). The results indicate that dignity, social identity, and perceived workplace status play a critical role in shaping food preferences, access, and consumption patterns among public sector workers. The study concludes that dignity-related considerations are central to understanding workplace dietary behaviors and recommends the integration of dignity- sensitive, culturally inclusive, and gender-responsive strategies into workplace nutrition policies and interventions.

Keywords

DignityNutritional ChoicesCivil ServantsGender DifferencesCross River State.

References

Abasi-Abasi, J. (2024, August 16). Nigeria: Cross River govt. launches initiatives to address food insecurity. Nigerian Tribune Abasi-Abasi, U. (2024). Food security policies and nutritional outcomes in Nigeria. Lagos: Spectrum Academic Publishers. Awan, A. A. (2014). Efik/Ejagham relations 1900-1960. Research project presented to the department of History and International Studies, University of Calabar. Awan, A. M. (2014). Social status, lifestyle, and food consumption patterns among working adults. Journal of Social Nutrition, 6(2), 45–56. Ayala, A., and Meier, B.M. (2017). A human rights approach to the health implications of food and nutrition insecurity. Public Health Review 38, 10 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-017-0056-5 Blumer, H. (1969). Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Bongaarts, J. (2021). FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO The state of food security and Nutrition in the world, 2020. Transforming food systems for affordable diets. Population and Development Review, 47(2), 558.doi:10.1111/padr.12418 Bongaarts, J. (2021). Global food security and nutrition challenges in developing countries. Population and Development Review, 47(1), 3–24. Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Harvard University Press. Capocasa, M. and Venier, D. (2024). A biocultural tale of the past, present and future of human nutrition. Journal of anthropological sciences: JASS, 102, 87-104. https://doi.org.10.4436/JASS.10206 Caprara, G. V., Vecchione, M., & Alessandri, G. (2024). Culture, identity, and nutrition: A socio-behavioral perspective. International Journal of Food Studies, 13(1), 1–15. Devine, C. M. (2005). A life course perspective: Understanding food choices in time, social location, and history. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 37(3), 121–128. Devine, C. M., Sobal, J., Bisogni, C. A., & Connors, M. (2003). Food choices in three ethnic groups: Interactions of ideals, identities, and roles. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 35(5), 236–246. Effiong, J. B. and Aboh, C. L. (). Effectiveness of agricultural extension models in food crop production in Cross River State, Nigeria Enor, F. I. (2013). Ethnic diversity and cultural practices in Cross River State. Calabar: University of Calabar Press. Enor, N. (2007). The Nta and their neighbours: intergroup relations in the central Cross River region. Calabar, Jochrisam publishers Fischler, C. (1988). Food, self and identity. Social Science Information, 27(2), 275–282. Fitchen, J. M. (1988). Hunger, malnutrition and poverty in the contemporary United States: Some observations on their structural and cultural determinants. Food and Foodways, 2(4), 309–333. Geneva, International Labour Office. 13.08 ISBN 92-2-117015-2 ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data Jayasinghe, S. (2005). Food, identity, and dignity: Social meanings of eating practices. Social Science and Medicine, 61(1), 67–78. Jayasinghe, S., Byrne, N. M. and Hills, A. P. (2025). Cultural influences on dietary choices. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, S0033-0620(25) Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370– 396. Mintz, S. W. and Dubois, C. M. (2002). The anthropology of food and eating. Annual Review of Anthropology, 31:99-119 Nussbaum, M. C. (2011). Creating capabilities: the human development approach. Harvard University Press. Rapinski, M., Raymond, R., Davy, D. (2025). Associations between dietary diversity and self-rated health in a transverse study of four local food systems (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Senegal). BMC Public Health 25, 823 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21872-8 Schoneveld, G. C. (2013). The politics of the forest frontier: Negotiating between conservation, development, and indigenous rights in Cross River State, Nigeria. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.11.003 Sobal, J., and Bisogni, C. A. (2009). Constructing food choice decisions. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 38(S1), 37–46. Waage, J., Grace, D., Fèvre, E. M., McDermott, J., Lines, J., Wieland, B., Naylor, N. R., Hassell, J. M., & Chan, K. (2022). Changing food systems and infectious disease risks in low-income and middle-income Wanjek, C. (2005). Food at work: Workplace solutions for malnutrition, obesity and chronic diseases