Optimizing Wayfinding Systems for Effective User Navigation in Bus Terminals: A Case Study Approach

Ogbonda Onyinyechi Paulet Whyte; Ohochuku Chinwennwo Phillips

doi:10.56201/ijemt.vol.12.no1.2026.pg327.343

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Optimizing Wayfinding Systems for Effective User Navigation in Bus Terminals: A Case Study Approach

Ogbonda Onyinyechi Paulet Whyte, Ohochuku Chinwennwo Phillips

Abstract

Wayfinding plays a critical role in the functional performance of bus terminals, directly influencing user movement, spatial understanding, and overall travel experience. Ineffective wayfinding systems often result in confusion, congestion, and reduced operational efficiency within transport facilities. This study examines strategies for optimizing wayfinding systems to enhance user navigation in bus terminal design using a case study approach. A qualitative research methodology was adopted, drawing on selected case studies and relevant literature to evaluate spatial organization, circulation patterns, signage systems, visual cues, and architectural elements that support orientation and movement. Data were analyzed through comparative assessment of functional layouts and wayfinding features to identify strengths, weaknesses, and best practices. The findings reveal that clear spatial hierarchy, legible circulation routes, strategic placement of signage, and the integration of architectural landmarks significantly improve user navigation within bus terminals. The study further demonstrates that effective wayfinding is not limited to signage alone but is strongly influenced by architectural planning and environmental design decisions. The paper concludes by proposing design recommendations aimed at improving wayfinding performance in bus terminals, contributing to more user-centered and efficient transport facility design. These findings provide useful insights for architects, planners, and transport facility designers seeking to enhance navigation and usability in bus terminal environments.

Keywords

WayfindingUser navigationBus terminal designArchitectural planningCase study approach

References

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Optimizing Wayfinding Systems for Effective User Navigation in Bus Terminals: A Case Study Approach

Abstract

Keywords

References

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