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Estimation of Prothombin Time, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time and Platelet Indices among Enugu Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Ngwu Amauche Martina, Offor Chidalu Irene, Ezechi Kosisochukwu Nkasiobi

Abstract

Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus have a 2.5-fold higher risk of developing heart failure and a seventy five percent increased risk of cardiovascular mortality or hospital care for heart failure than those without diabetes mellitus. Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and platelet count/indices are first-Line coagulation tests that give an insight into the blood clotting disorders.This study aimed to determine the coagulation status of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A case-control study was conducted at Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, SouthEast Nigeria. A total of 70 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects and 30 non- diabetic subjects were included. After taking informed consent, 4ml of blood was collected to determine prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time , platelet count (PC) and platelet indices. The data were entered into SPSS version 25 and analyzed. Paired sample t-test and Pearson correlation were used. A P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The mean PT of T2DM and non-diabetic control patient was 9.43 ± 1.55 second and 12.63± 1.62 second (p=0.01). The mean aPTT of T2DM and non-diabetic control patient was 28.34± 3.95 second and 30.61± 3.87 second (p=0.03). Nine (12.9%) thrombocytopenia was found in T2DM patient. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients had thrombocytopenia, shortened PT and aPTT, indicating a hypercoagulable state that heighten thrombotic risk. Therefore, regular coagulation screening in T2DM patients may assist to identify high risk individuals. Key words: Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, platelet, type 2 diabetes mellitus, thrombocytopenia

Keywords

Prothrombin timeactivated partial thromboplastin timeplatelettype 2 diabetes mellitusthrombocytopenia

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