Phytotoxic Impacts of Illegal Artisanal Refining on Soils in Bayelsa State: Evidence from Two Bio Indicator Crops

Abstract

This study assessed the phytotoxicity of soils impacted by illegal artisanal crude oil refining in Bayelsa State using two cultivars of Capsicum Annum. Results revealed clear concentration-dependent inhibition of plant growth, with polluted soils causing significant reductions in plant height. Extremely high TPH levels (3,000-17,000 mg/kg) were recorded. The study confirms the unsuitability of refining-impacted soils for agriculture without remediation and highlights the need for eco-sustainable restoration strategies.

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