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Effect of Carica Papaya Leaves Crude Extract Against the Hatchability of Aedes Mosquitoes Egg

Gerald M. Ugagu, Murphy C. Nwoke, Blessing C. Onuoha, Emmanuel E. Ochuba, Nnaemeka K. Opara and Ikenna B. Umejiego

Abstract

The rise in vector-borne diseases, particularly those transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, has necessitated the exploration of novel and sustainable control methods. This research investigates the effect of Carica papaya leaves crude extract on the hatchability of Aedes mosquito eggs, specifically Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, as a potential biopesticide. Carica papaya leaves were collected, dried, and then extracted using ethanol to obtain the crude extract. Egg strips/raft (containing 50 eggs each) of Aedes species were collected from insectary unit of the National Arbovirus and Vector Research Centre, Enugu. Various concentrations of the extract were tested, ranging from 2ml to 10ml Conc, and the hatchability rate was assessed after 0-, 24 and 48- hours post-exposure. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in the hatchability of Aedes mosquito eggs with increasing concentrations of the Carica papaya leaf extract. Notably, the highest concentration (10ml) effectively inhibited hatchability compared to the control group (0% extract), suggesting a dose-dependent relationship. Morphological examinations indicated possible alterations in the egg structure due to the extract's phytochemicals, which may disrupt normal hatching processes. This study underscores the potential of Carica papaya leaves as a bioactive agent for mosquito control, offering a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic insecticides. The findings warrant further investigation into the specific phytochemical compounds responsible for this activity and their mechanisms of action, as well as field trials to evaluate the efficacy and practicality of using papaya leaf extract in integrated pest management programs.

Keywords

Aedes mosquito eggshatchabilityCarica papaya leaves crude extract and bio-pesticide.

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