References
American Telemedicine Association. (n.d.). Telehealth: Defining 21st century care. https://www.americantelemed.org/resource/why-telemedicine/ Bouabida, K., Lebouché, B., & Pomey, M.-P. (2022). Telehealth and COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview of the Telehealth Use, Advantages, Challenges, and Opportunities during COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare, 10(11), https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112293 Egbedion, I. C., Barrah, V. U., & Opara, C. V. (2025). Beyond statistics: Addressing racial disparities in Black maternal mortality through the theory of fundamental causes and the maternal care and equity intervention. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical Research, 10(5), 101–113. https://doi.org/10.56201/ijhpr.vol.10.no5.2025.pg101.113 Escarce, J. (2019). Health inequity in the United States: A primer. Penn Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics. Eugene Declercq and Laurie Zephyrin, Maternal Mortality in the United States: A Primer (Commonwealth Fund, Dec. 2020). https://doi.org/10.26099/ta1q-mw24 Hadjiat Y. (2023). Healthcare inequity and digital health - bridge for the divide, or further erosion of the chasm?. PLOS digital health, 2(6), e0000268. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000268 Hawkins S. S. (2023). Telehealth in the Prenatal and Postpartum Periods. Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing: JOGNN, 52(4), 264–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2023.05.113 Hoyert, D. L. (2025). Maternal mortality rates in the United States, 2023. NCHS Health E- Stats.https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc/174577 Kumar, N. R., Arias, M. P., Leitner, K., Wang, E., Clement, E. G., & Hamm, R. F. (2023). Assessing the impact of telehealth implementation on postpartum outcomes for Black birthing people. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM, 5 (2), 100831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100831 Niu, B., Mukhtarova, N., Alagoz, O., & Hoppe, K. (2021). Cost-effectiveness of telehealth with remote patient monitoring for postpartum hypertension. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 35(25), 7555–7561. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2021.1956456 Saeed, S.A., Masters, R.M. Disparities in Health Care and the Digital Divide. Curr Psychiatry Rep 23, 61 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-021-01274-4 Shmerling, A., Hoss, M., Malam, N., Staton, E. W., & Lyon, C. (2022). Prenatal Care via Telehealth. Primary care, 49(4), 609–619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2022.05.002 Schwamm, L. H., Chumbler, N., Brown, E., Fonarow, G. C., Berube, D., Nystrom, K., Suter, R., Zavala, M., Polsky, D., Radhakrishnan, K., et al. (2017). Recommendations for the implementation of telehealth in cardiovascular and stroke care: A policy statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 135, e24–e44. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000475 Stanley, A. & Wallace, J. (2022). Telehealth to Improve Perinatal Care Access. MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing, 47 (5), 281-287. doi: 10.1097/NMC.0000000000000841. van Dijk, J. A. G. M. (2006). Digital divide research, achievements, and shortcomings. Poetics, 34(4–5), 221–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2006.05.004 Wang, F., Wang, JD. Telehealth and Sustainable Improvements to Quality of Life. Applied Research Quality Life 12, 173–184 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-016-9460-0 World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund, United Nations Population Fund, World Bank Group, & United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division. (2023). Trends in maternal mortality estimates 2000 to 2023: Estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and UNDESA/Population Division. https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/9789240108462-eng.pdf World Health Organization. (2025, April 7). Maternal mortality [Fact sheet]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/maternal-mortality
