Investigating the Suitability of Sawdust Activated Carbon on Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment, Using Batch Adsorption Method in Amuruto, Nigeria
Abstract
Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is a highly polluting wastewater generated during palm oil production, posing severe environmental threats when discharged untreated. This study investigated the use of sawdust derived activated carbon (SDAC) as a cost-effective and sustainable adsorbent for treating POME. The research focused on producing activated carbon from sawdust, characterizing its properties, and evaluating its effectiveness in removing key pollutants through batch adsorption method. Parameters such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and colour were analyzed before and after treatment at varying adsorbent dosages and contact times. Results revealed that pollutant removal efficiencies increased with higher SDAC dosages achieving up to 82.4% COD, 82.9% BOD, 76% TSS, and 87% colour removal at optimal conditions (15g/500ml dosage). The pH of the treated effluent also shifted towards neutrality, suggesting improved environmental compatibility. This study concluded that SDAC is an effective, low- cost, and environmentally friendly alternative for POME treatment, offering a viable solution for small and medium-scale palm oil mills and contributing to sustainable wastewater management practices.
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