Comparative Assessment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus co-infection among Patients in Imo State, Nigeria

Achilike; K.M.; Prof. Amadi; L. O.; Dr. Ugboma; C. J.; Dr. Peekate; L. P

doi:10.56201/jbgr.vol.11.no5.2025.pg73.80

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Comparative Assessment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus co-infection among Patients in Imo State, Nigeria

Achilike, K.M., Prof. Amadi, L. O., Dr. Ugboma, C. J., Dr. Peekate, L. P

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is primarily caused by various strains within the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) species, while Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a significant risk factor for the progression of TB. The co-existence of these two diseases has led to TB becoming the leading cause of death among People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). This study aims to compare the prevalence of M.tb/HIV co-infections rate among patients in Imo State. Imo state was divided into three Districts through cluster sampling technique. Purposive sampling approach was used to select three LGAs from each District. In each selected LGA, one health facility was chosen for the study. Patients’ socio-demographic data were collected through questionnaires. The 400 Patients were screened and tested for M. tb and HIV infections using rapid test kits and NAAT. Out of the 400 patients, Owerri senatorial districts had 4.0%, Orlu had 5.0% and Okigwe District had 3.8%, putting the total prevalence of M. tb/HIV co-infection at 12.8%. Childhood (1-15) M. tb/HIV co-infection stood at 6.1%. Adults 31-45 years had the highest prevalence (17.9%) of M. tb/HIV across the Districts. Gender wise, Males had TB/HIV co-infection prevalence of 11.2% while Females had 13.9%. M. tb/HIV co-infection prevalence was highest among the low educated Artisans (22.9%) and the Sexual Business group (20.0%). Civil servants had the least prevalence (2.1%). The Divorced had the highest prevalence of 21.2% while the Married had the least 11.6%. At 95% confidence interval, there was no significant difference between the number of M. tb/HIV co-infected patients in the three senatorial districts. This study has established the link between M. tb /HIV co-infection in the study area. Adequate protective materials should be provided for the HIV Key populations (KPs) to stop the spread.

Keywords

TBHIV M. tb /HIVPLHIVDOTSART. GeneXpert.

References

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Comparative Assessment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus co-infection among Patients in Imo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Keywords

References

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