Lighting and Interior Comfort: Assessing the Role of Illumination in Spatial Experience
Abstract
Lighting plays a fundamental role in shaping interior environments, influencing not only visibility but also occupants’ perception, comfort, and well-being. This study explores the relationship between illumination and interior comfort, with a focus on visual, psychological, and spatial experience. While traditional design approaches often prioritize aesthetics and energy efficiency, emerging research emphasizes the need to integrate human-centered considerations such as mood, productivity, and spatial satisfaction. Through a review of relevant literature, this paper examines how natural and artificial lighting impact interior comfort, highlighting factors such as light intensity, color temperature, distribution, and glare. Findings suggest that well-designed lighting enhances interior quality by improving task performance, supporting circadian rhythms, and creating a sense of warmth and balance. Conversely, poor lighting conditions contribute to visual fatigue, discomfort, and negative spatial perception. The study concludes that lighting should be approached as a critical determinant of interior comfort rather than a secondary design element. Recommendations are provided for integrating lighting strategies into interior design practice, ensuring spaces that are both functional and experientially satisfying.
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