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Potentiation Effects of Cypermethrin and Dimethoate on the Epididymal Content of Rat

Okaelu, S O, Georgewill, O A, Zitte, L F

Abstract

This study was carried out to examine the effects of concurrent exposure to cypermethrin and dimethoate on the epididymal content of rat. A total of 90 adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used. The rats were randomly separated into four groups with each group having equal number of rats as follows: group I had 9 rats, while groups II, III and IV had 27 rats each. The rats in each of groups II, III and IV were further separated into treatments A, B and C of 9 rats each, and orally administered cypermethrin, dimethoate, and cypermethrin + dimethoate respectively, while those in group I served as control. The treatments were administered at doses of 95mg/kg, 190mg/kg, and 380mg/kg of cypermethrin, and 8mg/kg, 16mg/kg, and 32mg/kg of dimethoate, for thirty days respectively. The doses represent 2.5%, 5% and 10% of the oral LD50 of 3807mg/kg and 316mg/kg obtained for cypermethrin and dimethoate respectively. Organometric evaluation of the epididymides indicates the absence of treatments-related effect on epididymal weight, while semen analysis showed that dimethoate decreased sperm count by 40%, with no significant effect on semen volume. However, no significant effect of cypermethrin was observed on all the parameters tested. But, the concurrent administration of cypermethrin and dimethoate significantly decreased epididymal weight, semen volume, and sperm count at higher doses, indicating that the concurrent administration of the pesticides rendered them more toxic. This study therefore, suggests an adverse reproductive health implication of concurrent exposure to cypermethrin and dimethoate in males.

References

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Human carboxylesterases HCE1 and HCE2: ontogenic expression, inter-individual variability and differential hydrolysis of oseltamivir, aspirin, deltamethrin and permethrin. Biochem Pharmacol., 77, 238–247. APPENDIX I Statistical representation of the effect of the treatments on the average epididymal weight (g) of the control of treatments on the sperm count of the control, treatments A (Cypermethrin-treated B (Dimethoate-treated) , and C (Cypermethrin + Dimethoate-treated) adult male rats Descriptives N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Minim um Maxim um Lower Bound Upper Bound Treatment A Contr ol 9 .7122 .28341 .09447 .4944 .9301 .39 1.26 2.5% 9 .5956 .14414 .04805 .4848 .7064 .40 .77 5% 9 .6100 .10909 .03636 .5261 .6939 .45 .82 10% 9 .6067 .15620 .05207 .4866 .7267 .38 .82 Total 36 .6311 .18355 .03059 .5690 .6932 .38 1.26 Treatment B Contr ol 9 .7122 .28341 .09447 .4944 .9301 .39 1.26 2.5% 9 .5911 .18950 .06317 .4454 .7368 .35 .94 5% 9 .6489 .21923 .07308 .4804 .8174 .38 1.02 10% 9 .6578 .16315 .05438 .5324 .7832 .44 .86 Total 36 .6525 .21339 .03556 .5803 .7247 .35 1.26 Treatment C Contr ol 9 .7122 .28341 .09447 .4944 .9301 .39 1.26 2.5% 9 .7022 .12892 .04297 .6031 .8013 .44 .86 5% 9 .5300 .13519 .04506 .4261 .6339 .28 .67 10% 9 .5244 .13116 .04372 .4236 .6253 .38 .74 Total 36 .6172 .19651 .03275 .5507 .6837 .28 1.26 APPENDIX II Statistical representation of the effect of the treatments on the semen volume (ml) of the control, of treatments on the sperm count of the control, treatments A (Cypermethrin-treated B (Dimethoate-treated) , and C (Cypermethrin + Dimethoate-treated) adult male rats Descriptives N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Minim um Maxim um Lower Bound Upper Bound Treatnent A Contr ol 9 .2667 .05000 .01667 .2282 .3051 .20 .30 2.5% 9 .2667 .12247 .04082 .1725 .3608 .10 .40 5% 9 .2000 .07071 .02357 .1456 .2544 .10 .30 10% 9 .2333 .07071 .02357 .1790 .2877 .10 .30 Total 36 .2417 .08409 .01402 .2132 .2701 .10 .40 Treatment B Contr ol 9 .2667 .05000 .01667 .2282 .3051 .20 .30 2.5% 9 .1667 .07071 .02357 .1123 .2210 .10 .30 5% 9 .2000 .08660 .02887 .1334 .2666 .10 .30 10% 9 .2333 .12247 .04082 .1392 .3275 .10 .40 Total 36 .2167 .09103 .01517 .1859 .2475 .10 .40 Treatment C Contr ol 9 .2667 .05000 .01667 .2282 .3051 .20 .30 2.5% 9 .2222 .06667 .02222 .1710 .2735 .10 .30 5% 9 .1667

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