Submit your papersSubmit Now
For Enquiries: [email protected]
IIARD LogoIIARD

Nutrient Composition and Fungal flora of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus tuber-regium

Owabie, PI, Chuku EC, Nwauzoma AB, Nmom FW

Abstract

Studies on the nutrient composition and fungal flora of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus tuber- regium grown in Port Harcourt were carried out in the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology Rivers State University. Fresh and Dry P. ostreatus and P. tuber-regium were grown and harvested from Dilomat farms and Services Rivers State university Port Harcourt. The samples were collected and analyzed in Food Science & Biotechnology Laboratory. Mycological studies were carried out in the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology Laboratory using standard methods. The result for nutrient composition revealed moisture, ash, fiber, lipid, carbohydrate and protein. Fresh P.ostreatus had higher values for Moisture (46.63±6.41), lipid (2.60±0.10), Fibre(16.53±0.05), CHO (39.63±0.66) and (25.66±0.37) while fresh P.tuber-regium recorded high values for ash (2.50±0.10) and Protein (28.53±0.05). Dry P.ostreatus recorded higher value for moisture (13.20±0.10), lipid (1.23±0.05), fibre (13.60±0.10) and protein (28.53±0.05) while DryP tuber-regium recorded higher values in ash (3.43±0.05) and CHO (53.20±0.10). Mineral composition results revealed the presence of Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium and Sodium. Fresh P.ostreatus had higher Calcium (230.00±0.00), Magnesium (230.00±0.00), Phosphorus (498.00±1.00), Potassium (97.67±1.52) and Sodium (66.33±2.88) while fresh P.tuber-regium had higher Iron (4.03±0.05) while dry P.ostreatus recorded higher calcium (220.00±0.00), Magnesium (250.00±0.00), Phosphorus (549.00±0.00), Potassium (112.00±0.00) and Sodium (46.33±10.69) respectively. Fungal flora of fresh and dry P. ostreatus identified include Candida sp and Mucor sp while fresh and Dry P.tuber- regium revealed Mucor sp, trichoderma sp and Aspergillus flavus respectively. In conclusion, P. ostreatus and P.tuber-regium are rich in proximate and mineral composition. However, they are prone to fungal contamination, and as such,

Keywords

Nutrient compositionfungal floraPleurotus ostreatusPleurotus tuber-regium.

References

Akyüz, M., & Kirba?, S. (2010). Nutritional value of edible wild and cultivated mushrooms of lesser-known species. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(49), 7710–7714. Borchani, C., Zouari, E., &Mechichi, T. (2013). Mushroom drying: A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 12(3), 229-246. Bowman, S. M. & Free, S. J. (2006). The structure and synthesis of the fungal cell wall. Bioessays, 28: 799-808. Cheesbrough, M, (2006) Medical Laboratory Manuel for Tropical Countries: Microbiology. ELBS Edition, Cambridge, 196-205 Chitra, K., Sathyaparvathavarthini, B., Mahalakshmi, S., Kamali, R., Sharakanan, P. T., Balisasikumar, C. and Dhanalakshm, K. (2018). Effect of abiotic factors on oyster mushroom production (pleurotus species). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(7), 1032 – 1036. Chuku, E. C. & Barber, L. I. (2017). Fungal contamination of mushroom spawn. Proceeding of the 9th conference of Mycological Society of Nigeria, 1: 81-83. Falandysz, J., Kunito, T., Kubota, R., Mazur, A., & Falandysz, J. (2001). Multivariate analysis of elements in edible mushrooms. Food Chemistry, 75(3), 293–301. Fasidi, I. O., Kadrir, M., Jonathan, S. G., Adenipekun, C. O. &Kuforiji, O. O. (2008). Cultivation of edible tropical mushrooms. Ibadan University Press, 77. Fennell, C. W., Gokulakrishnan, P., & Singh, R. (2008). Proximate composition and mineral content of edible mushrooms. Journal of Food Science, 73(7), C526-C531. Guerreiro, A., Oliveira, M. B., & Lima, M. F. (2017). Moisture content and storage stability of dried mushrooms. Food Research International, 99, 679-685. Hawsworth, D. L. (2006). The fungal dimension of biodiversity: magnitude, significance and conservation. Mycological Research, 95, 641-655 Iqbal, B., Khan, H., Khan, I., Shan, B., Naeem, A., Ullah, W., Khan, W., Adman, M., Shah, S. R. A., Jumaid, K., Ahmed, N. & Iqbal, M. (2016). Substrates evaluation for the quality, production and growth of oyster mushroom (PleurotusfloridaCetto). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 4(3): 98-107. Kala?, P. (2013). A review of chemical composition and nutritional value of wild-growing and cultivated mushrooms. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93(2), 209–218. Manga, R., Peralta, R. M., Haminuik, C., Maciel, G. M. Bracht, A. & Ferreira, I. (2018). New phytochemicals as potent human anti-aging compounds: Reality, promise and challenges. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 58(6): 942 – 957. Manzi, P., Gambelli, L., Marconi, S., Vivanti, V., & Pizzoferrato, L. (2001). Nutrients in edible mushrooms: An inter-species comparative study. Food Chemistry, 73(3), 321–325. Mau, J. L., Chang, C. H., & Chen, C. C. (2004). Quality of dried mushrooms. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 39(6), 633-638. Mitova, I., Nenova, L. and Shaban, N. (2017). Abiotic factors and their impact on growth characteristic of spinach (Spinaciaolerace). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 23(5), 806-815. Oei, P., and Nieuwenhuijzen, B.V. (2005). Small-scale mushroom cultivation: oystershii take and wood ear mushrooms, Agromisa Foundation and CTA, Netherlands, 86 Pinto, E., Fernandes, S. S., & Pereira, D. M. (2015). Health benefits of edible mushrooms. Journal of Nutrition, 19(1), 88-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2015.03.001 Regula, J., & Siwulski, M. (2007). Effect of drying temperature on the content of some bioactive compounds in dried shiitake (Lentinula edodes) mushrooms. Drying Technology, 25(7-9), 1257–1264. Salako, E. A. &Anjorin, S. T. (2012). Principles of general mycology, 2nd edition. Print Vila Publisher, 183. Sharma, A., Singh, M., & Meena, M. (2018). Effect of drying on the nutrient composition of mushrooms. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 53(3), 854-861. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13585 Uddin, M. N., Yesmin, S., Khan, M. A., Tania, M., Moonmoon, M. & Ahmed, S. (2011). Production of oyster mushroom in different seasonal conditions of Bangladesh. Journal of Scientific Research, 3(1): 161-167. Yuan, Y., Wu, X., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Effect of drying on the nutritional properties of mushrooms. Journal of Food Science, 80(6), 1173-1180. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750- 3841.12847