Analysis of Cognitive Radio Networks for Efficient Spectrum Management in Nigeria

Okafor; Joyce Odu

doi:10.56201/ijemt.vol.11.no8.2025.pg178.188

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Analysis of Cognitive Radio Networks for Efficient Spectrum Management in Nigeria

Okafor, Joyce Odu

Abstract

The efficient management of radio frequency spectrum remains a pressing challenge in Nigeria’s fast-growing digital economy. Conventional static allocation methods, which assign frequency bands exclusively to specific services, have led to a paradox of congestion in some bands and underutilisation in others. This study investigates the potential of Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) as an innovative solution to these inefficiencies. CRNs are intelligent wireless systems capable of dynamically detecting unused spectrum bands and allocating them to unlicensed users without interfering with licensed users. Using a thematic approach, the study assessed spectrum utilisation in Nigeria, critically examined existing regulatory frameworks, analysed technical feasibility, and proposed a multi-stakeholder adoption model. The findings reveal that while Nigeria’s spectrum resources, particularly Television White Spaces (TVWS), are underutilised, the static regulatory framework hinders efficient deployment. Technical challenges, including spectrum sensing reliability and hardware affordability, further slow adoption. To overcome these barriers, a coordinated framework involving regulatory reform, technical guidelines, affordable economic models, and stakeholder collaboration is essential. The study concludes that CRNs have significant potential to bridge Nigeria’s digital divide, optimise spectrum use, and support national broadband targets, provided that enabling policies and investments are aligned.

Keywords

BroadbandCognitive Radio NetworksDynamic Spectrum AccessNigeria

References

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Analysis of Cognitive Radio Networks for Efficient Spectrum Management in Nigeria

Abstract

Keywords

References

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