Mechanical Characterization of Poly (methyl methacrylate) Composites
Abstract
The aim of this study is to characterize hydroxyapatite (HAp) using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and evaluate the maximum stress, bending force and indentation resistance of heat cured poly (methyl methacrylate) - Hydroxyapatite (PMMA- HAp) Composites. HAp was synthesized by hydrothermal method from snail shell (SHAp) and periwinkle shell (PHAp), FTIR spectroscopy was used to characterize the HAp. Isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyro phosphate) titanate was used as coupling agent on the hydroxyapatite. Design-Expert software using optimal mixture design of experiment (OMDOE) method with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant was used for design and analysis. Sixteen samples of heat cured PMMA were filled with HAp, the samples were produced by casting method then compressed with a hydraulic press and cured in water bath. The mechanical properties (Ultimate tensile strength, Flexural strength, and Shore D hardness) were determined. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the composites was in the range of 20.92 MPa to 49.30 MPa (p < 0.05). Flexural strength (FS) of composites was between 42.02 MPa to 66.00 MPa (p < 0.05). And the shore D hardness of the composites was in the range of 30.30 to 44.70 (p < 0.05). The FTIR results showed that the shells were converted to HAp, while the mechanical analysis results revealed that the highest UTS properties were obtained when only PHAp was used while the highest FS and shore D hardness values were obtained when both SHAp and PHAp were combined, suggesting display of synergistic property.
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