1Okechukwu Divine Michael LL.B (Hons),Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria. Email:
[email protected]. 2 Chibuikem Golden Offor LL.B. (Hons), Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Email:
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Uba, “The curious case of medical negligence in Nigeria” International Journal of Indian Psychology (2014) <https://ijip.in/articles/the-curious-case-of-medical-negligence-in-nigeria/?utm> accessed 21 July 2025 29God's gift Onyedinefu, “Minister laments incidence of medical errors in Nigeria” Business Day Newspaper (Nigeria, September 2021) < https://businessday.ng/health/article/minister-laments-incidence-of-medical-errors-innigeria/?utm> accessed 21 July 2025 30Kasia Strek, “Pregnancy is not a disease’: why do so many women die giving birth in Nigeria” The Guardian (Lagos, 16 April 2024) < https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2024/apr/16/pregnancy-is-not-diseasewhy-do-so-many-women-die-giving-birth-in-nigeria-one-of-africas-richest-countries?utm> accessed 21 July 2025. 31Ichha bysnatt & Xiaoman Zhao, “Violence: Structural” The International Encyclopedia of Health Communication (2022) <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370290821_Violence_Structural#:~:text=Abstract,the%20possibility%20 of%20enacting%20agency.> Accessed 21 July 2025 32 K Ogunyale, “Budget: Citizens allocated N524 monthly for healthcare” International Centre For Investigative Reporting (Nigeria, June 11, 2024) <https://www.icirnigeria.org/budget-citizens-allocated-n524-monthly-forhealthcare/> accessed 21 July 2025 33 Ibid 34 Ibid 35 M. Ifijeh, “South Africa Spends 16 Times More on Healthcare than Nigeria” This Day Newspaper (Nigeria, 4 July 2018) <https://www.thisdaylive.com/2018/04/12/south-africa-spends-16-times-more-on-healthcare-thannigeria/> accessed 21 July 2025 36 CMS.Gov “NHE Fact Sheet Historical NHE, 2023:” <https://www.cms.gov/data-research/statistics-trends-andreports/national-health-expenditure-data/nhe-fact-sheet> accessed 21 July 2025 37 Ibid 38Canadian Institute for Health Information, “National health expenditure trends, 2024 — Snapshot” (2024) < https://www.cihi.ca/en/national-health-expenditure-trends-2024-snapshot> accessed 21 July 2025 39 O. Nwankwo et al, “A qualitative inquiry of rural-urban inequalities in the distribution and retention of healthcare workers in southern Nigeria” Journal Plos (2022) <https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8963562/?utm_source> accessed 21 July 2025 40 O. Aniekan, “The Inverse Care Law Implications for Universal Health Coverage in Nigerian Rural Communities” International Journal of Medicine and Health Development (2021) <https://journals.lww.com/ijmh/fulltext/2021/26010/the_inverse_care_law__implications_for_universal.2.aspx?utm > accessed 21 July 2025 41Op cit page 13 42 F. Eromonsele, “ANALYSIS: What Nigeria must do to turn the tide on maternal, newborn mortality” Premium Times Newspaper, (Nigeria, April 19, 2025) <https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/789015-analysiswhat-nigeria-must-do-to-turn-the-tide-on-maternal-newborn-mortality.html?utm> accessed 21 July 2025 43 Ibid 44 De justicia, “Income inequality and funding in the health sector in Nigeria” (March 29, 2024) <https://www.dejusticia.org/en/health-inequalities-in-nigeria/?utm> accessed 21 July 2025