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Evaluation of Heavy Metals Concentrations in Soil from Mechanic Workshops and Farmlands Near the Workshops in Okigwe Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria

Kanu, Uchechi Emmanuel, and Edori, Onisogen Simeon

Abstract

Soil samples from 24 points around Okigwe, mechanic village (auto mechanic workshop) Imo State, Nigeria were collected analyzed. The study was undertaken to access the level (concentration) of heavy metals in soils around this location. Soil depth of 0-10cm, 10-20cm were taken from each spot producing 48 soil samples while the control sample was taken from an area with no mechanic activity. The samples were collected, dried, sieved, digested and the heavy metal loads were determined using the absorption spectrometry. The mean heavy metal concentration of Pb, Cd, Fe, Zn within the auto workshops is 7.38-36.9mg/kg, 8.2-60.945 mg/kg, 1963.00-8832.800mg/kg and 52.2 – 115.0mg/kg respectively while mean concentration on the farmlands are 0.718-1.157mg/kg, 0.004-0.306mg/kg, 1244.00- 3701.400mg/kg and 12.55-31mg/kg respectively. The control sample had concentration of 0.280-0.344mg/kg, < 0.004mg/kg, 386.000 – 598.400mg/kg and 6.240 – 8.424mg/kg respectively. The heavy metal concentration in the mechanic village soil samples showed marked difference when compared to the control sample but slightly different from their concentrations in the farmland. There is the tendency of a heavy metal pollution above the intervention value which could come from wastes from mechanic activities. Pearson correlation studies showed that these metals had positive correlation i.e. increase in lead content for example, caused a corresponding increase in the load of other metals. Based on the finding of this work, it is therefore recommended that automobile repair workshops should be moved to organized industrial sites that are a distance to municipal neighborhood and that farming should be discouraged on sites close to automobile workshops because the plants will store up large amounts of heavy metal which will pose great threat to life when ingested.

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