Lithological Identification of the Subsurface Using Electrical Resistivity Method in Ikot Ebidang Town, Onna Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Udofot; Samuel Ufot

doi:10.56201/rjpst.vol.8.no6.2025.pg47.61

📄 Download Paper

Lithological Identification of the Subsurface Using Electrical Resistivity Method in Ikot Ebidang Town, Onna Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Udofot, Samuel Ufot

Abstract

This study aimed at identifying lithologies of the subsurface using Electrical Resistivity method in Ikot Ebidang Town, Onna Local Government of Akwa Ibom State. A total of eleven (11) vertical electrical soundings (VES) were carried out in some crucial locations within the town using both the Schlumberger and Wenner configuration for earth probing. The probing was done using the ABEM Tarrameter SAS 300B, with maximum electrode spacing of 400m (for Schlumberger) and 140m (for Wenner array). The field data were analyzed using IP 12 WIN software to obtain the subsurface resistivities, thicknesses and depth of different VES points within the study area. In this study, the lithologies of different layers were obtained based on layer’s resistivity and thickness. The geoelectric section of profile A and B were constructed and there was a gradual variation in the lithologies of the area showing the topsoil, granite, sand, quartz and bedrock in profile A. The resistivity of profile A ranges from 115?m – 830,000 ?m. The geoelectric section of profile B showed lithologies including the topsoil, consolidated shale, granite, sand stone and bedrock. The resistivity of profile B ranges from 25.2 ?m – 390,000 ?m. The difference in lithologies of the above profiles is as the result of variation in resistivity values within the region. The overall resistivity and thickness values within the area ranges from 25.2 ?m - 1,100,00 ?m and 0.176m – 37.81m respectively. The isoresistivity maps of layer 1, 2 and 3 as well as isopach maps of layer 1 and 2 were plotted using surfer 29 software. The iso-resistivity maps of layer 1, 2 and 3 showed variation in resistivity with different colouration, indicating the apparent resistivity (100?m – 1,800?m), (-50,000?m – 450,000?m) and (-40,000?m – 4,000,000?m) respectively. The isopach maps of layer 1 and 2 showed variation in thicknesses with different colouration, indicating thicknesses (0.25m – 1.3m) and (0

Keywords

Lithologyresistivitysubsurfaceisopach and isoresistivity mapsgeoelectric section

References

Adekoya, S. A., Oladunjoye, H. T., Coker, J. O. & Adenuga, O. A. (2021). Identification of lithological units using Geoelectrical method, Olabisi Onabanjo University campus, Southwestern Nigeria. Science Africana, 20 (1): 171 – 182. AI, I., Olorunfemi, M. O. & Omitogun, A. A. (2006). Electrical resistivity determination of subsurface layers, subsoil competence and soil corrosivity at the engineering site location in Akungba – Akoko, southwestern Nigeria. Ife Journal of Science, 8(2). Alex, F. (2003). Electrical Resistivity Method. Vadose Zone journal, 4 (5): 32 – 46 Atekwana, E. & E. Atekwana (2010). Geophysical signatures of microbial activity at hydrocarbon contaminated sites: A review surveys in Geophysics, 31 (2): 247 – 283. Aylsworth Jr, R. L., Van Dam, R. L., Larson, G. J. & Jessee, M. A. (2016). Characterizing large scale glaciotectonic sediment deformation using electrical resistivity methods. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering , 13 (2): 539 – 549. Doi:10:1088/1742-2132/13/2/539. Ini, D. E., Uduak, C. U. & Peter, E. U. (2012). Impact of exploitation and gas pipelines on soils along Qua Iboe River Estuary of Onna, Southeastern Nigeria. Advances in Applied Science Research, 3(5):2578 – 2585. Mcnair, B. (2023). What is Lithology and what does it entails? Selly, R. C. (1976). An introduction to Sedimentology, Academic press: London, UK, 1976. (Google Scholar). Tian, M., More, H., & Xu, H. (2021). Inversion of well logs into lithology classes accounting for spatial dependencies by using hidden markov models and recurrent neural networks. J. Petrol Sci. Eng, 2021, 196, 107598. (Google scholar) (CrossRef). Udofot, S. U. & Amechi, B. U. (2025). Geoelectric investigation of the subsurface characterization of groundwater in some parts of Onna Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Akinmoladun, O. O., et al. (2020). Adoption of Improved Technology in Palm Oil Processing in Nigeria. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342027747_Adoption_of_Improved_Technolo g y_in_Palm_Oil_Processing_in_Nigeria. Akoptor, T. (1995) “Fiscal Federalism and the performance of Local Government in Nigeria’s Economic Development: an Impact Analysis” Ibadan, Adebemi Press. Akpan I. (2008) The Politics of Local Government Autonomy in Nigeria. Reloaded. European Scientific Journal 9(35) 193 – 205. Akpan I. and Ekanem H. (2014) The Politics of Local Government Autonomy in Nigeria. Reloaded. European Scientific Journal 9(35) 193 – 205. Akpan, U. F., & Ekanem, O. E. (2014). Challenges of Local Government Autonomy in Nigeria’s Federal Structure. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Review, 5(2), 123–132. Okoni, O. E. (2016). State Interference and Local Government Administration in Nigeria: Implications for Grassroots Development. International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 7(7.2), 1–20.

Lithological Identification of the Subsurface Using Electrical Resistivity Method in Ikot Ebidang Town, Onna Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Abstract

Keywords

References

More Articles from RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY