Application of the Principles of Biostratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy at Analysing Petroleum Potential of Field ‘Y’ in the Niger Delta
Abstract
The presence of Bolivina 46 was indicative of Pliocene age, however using the diagnostic forams (Amphistegina) present and the Fzone in addition the age could be rightly said to be extending from late pliocene to late miocene in age. The well is said to penetrate Benin formation consisting of continental sandstone with fluvial channels, marsh/swamps in an upper delta plain environment and part of the Agbada formation consisting of transitional sandstone and shale The well penetrated the F9700 to F9900 foraminiferal zone and P800-P900 pollen zone as would also be confirmed on the Niger Delta Chronostratigraphic chart. It can also be inferred that the penetration was restricted to the offshore depobelt. Three maximum flooding surfaces (depths of 2400ft-2500ft @3.4 million years-late pliocene, 3600ft-3650ft @ 3.9 million years-early pliocene and 8500ft-8550ft @6.0 million years -late miocene, respectively) and three sequence boundaries (depths of 3300ft-3400ft @3.7 million years-early pliocene, 4950ft-5000ft @ 4.1 million years- early pliocene and 7550ft @5.6 million years-late miocene, respectively) were identified using foram abundance and diversity plots. Ten sand bodies were identified at different depth intervals and hydrocarbon was identified at the following depths;4480ft to 4570ft (oil),4880ft to 4940ft (oil and gas) and 6560ft to 6640ft (gas). The identified petroleum bearing sands were seen to occur at the highstand system tracts, lying above transgressive system tracts, which are the source rocks. The alternation of highstand systems tract and transgressive systems tract sands and shales respectively seen in the studied well, provides a union of reservoir and seal rocks that is essential for hydrocarbon accumulation and stratigraphic trapping. The interpreted depositional environment of field ‘Y’ is of deltaic System of non-marine neritic bathyal paleobathymetry.
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