Submit your papersSubmit Now
For Enquiries: [email protected]
IIARD LogoIIARD

Evaluation of Phytochemical Compounds in Senna siamea stembark Powders for Insect Pest Control

Kashere, M. A 1 ., Sabo,M 2., Tijjani, A 2 . and Aliyu, M

Abstract

A laboratory screening was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical compounds in Senna siamea stembark powders and their insecticidal activity on Callosobruchus subinnotatus PIC on stored Bambara groundnut through untargeted Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC- MS) using three different extraction solvents (ethanol, methanol and distilled water). To mention but few, the ethanol extracts revealed Octanoic acid, 4,6-dimethyl-, methyl ester, (4S,6S)-(+)- (C11H22O2); cis-Vaccenic acid (C19H36O2); Z,Z-10,12-Hexadecadien-1-ol acetate (C18H32O2); 2-Methyl-Z,Z-3,13-octadecadienol (C19H36O). Methanol extracts showed Oleic Acid (C18H34O2); Cyclononasiloxane, octadecamethyl- (C18H54O9Si9); Cyclodecasiloxane, eicosamethyl- (C20H60O10Si10); 2-Methyl-Z,Z-3,13-octadecadienol (C19H36O). Distilled water extraction revealed cis-Vaccenic acid (C19H36O2); 1,2-Benzisothiazole,3-(hexahydro- 1H-azepin-1-yl)-, 1,1-dioxide (C13H16N2O2S); Oleic Acid (C18H34O2); 11-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (C19H36O2)as compounds with the highest percentage area. Phytochemicals have been used for many years to control insect pest damage in agricultural crops. Pyretre, Nicotine, Rotenone and tobacco have long been used as control agents against insects in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Unlike synthetic chemical insecticides that kill both pests and non-target organisms, botanicals pesticides are relatively target specific. They are also biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and can also be used in insecticide resistance management programs. Hence, could serve as good alternatives to chemical insecticides. Further research on the bio insecticidal activity of these compounds is highly advocated.

Keywords

Phytochemical; evaluation; botanicals; pesticides; Callosobruchus subinnotatus PIC.

References

Ahmed, S. and Koppel, B. (1985) “Plant extracts for pest control: village level processing and use by limited resource farmers,” in Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science AnnualMeeting, Los Angeles, Calif, USA, May 1985. Anonymous. The Wealth of India: A Dictionary of Indian Raw Materials and Industrial Products, Publications and Information Directorate, C.S.I.R., Vol.3:368-370. Burkill, H.M. (1995). The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa, Ed2, Vol. 3, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. London, pp. 150-167. Caro, Y., Anamale, L., Fouillaud, M., Laurent, P., Petit, T. and Dufosse, L. (2012) Natural hydroxyanthraquinoid pigments as potent food-grade colorants: an overview. Natural Products and Bioprospecting. J. Nat. Prod. 2012; 2(5), pp.174-193. Chatterjee, A., Das, B., Aditychaudhury, N. and Debkirtaniya, S. (1980) “Note on insecticidal properties of the seeds of Jatropha gossypifoliaLinn,” Indian Journal of Agricultural Science, vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 637–638, 1980. Cyril, Ogbiko. (2020) Phytochemical, GC-MS Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of the Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Cassia siamea(Fabaceae). Asian Journal of Biotechnology. 9.15. DOI: 10.3923/ajbkr. Delobel, A. andMalonga, P. (1987). Insecticidal Properties Of Six Plant Materials Against Caryedon Serra Tus (Ol.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). J. stored Prod. Res. Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 173-176, 1987 Dilip, K., Ankit, J. and Amit, V. (2017) Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigation of Cassia Siamea Lamk: An Insight. The Natural Products Journal, 2017, 7, 1-12. DOI:10.2174/2210315507666170509125800 Essien, E. E., Walker, T. M., Ogunwande, I. A., Bansal, A., Setzer, W. N. and Ekundayo, O. (2011) “Volatile constituents, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity potentials of Three Senna Species from Nigeria,” Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 722– 730. Georges, K., Jayaprakasam, B., Dalavoy, S. S. and Nair, M. G. (2008). Pest-managing activities of plant extracts and anthraquinones from Cassia nigricansfrom Burkina Faso. Bioresource Technology 99(6): 2037–2045. Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R and Rajeswari M. (2011). Larvicidal efficacy of Cassia fistula Linn. leaf extract against CulextritaeniorhynchusGiles and Anopheles subpictusGrassi (Diptera: Culicidae). Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 1(4): 295–298. Gritsanapan, W. (1983). Anthraquinone compounds of Cassia species growing in Thailand. Mahidol University Journal of Pharmacological Science, 10:90-6. Hafez, S.A., Osman, S.M., Ibrahim, H.A., Seada, A.A. and Ayoub, N.A, (2019). Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Cassia Genus: Review. Arch Pharm Sci ASU 3(2): 195-227. DOI: 10.21608/aps.2019.15746.1008. Print ISSN: 2356-8380. Online ISSN: 2356-8399. Hassanalli, A. and Lwande, W. (1989) “Antipest secondary metabolites from African plants,” in Insecticides of Plant Origin, J. T. Arnason, B. J. R. Philogene, and P. Morand, Eds., ACS Symposium Series, pp. 78–94, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, USA, 1989. Hutchinson, J. and Dalziel, J.M. (1958) Flora of West Tropical Africa. In: Keay, R.W.J., Ed., 2nd Edition, Vol. 1. Part 2, Published on Behalf of the Governments of Nigeria, Ghana, Sierra Leone & The Gambia by Crown Agents for Overseas Governments and Administrations, Millbank, London. Irwin, H.S. and Barneby, R.C. (1982). Review of Cassinae in the New World. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, 35: 1 – 918. Jimoh, M. A., Edeoga, H. O. and Omosun, G. (2013). DNA Fingerprinting of Six Senna Species and the Taxonomic Implication. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biotechnology, 1(6):022-026. Kamara, J.C., Rahuman, A.A., Bagavan, A., Elango, G., Zahir, A.A. and Santhoshkumar, T. (2011). Larvicidal and repellent activity of medicinal plant extracts from Eastern Ghats of South India against malaria and filariasis vectors. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 4:698- 705. Kapoor, V, P., Farooqi, M.I.H. and Kapoor, L.D. (1980) Chemical investigations of seed mucilages from Cassia species. Indian For; 106 (11):810-812. Khater, H.F. (2012) Prospects of Botanical Biopesticides in Insect Pest Management. Pharmacologia, 12, 641-656. Mabberley, D.J. (1997). The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants. Ed. 2: xvi + 858 pp. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press Mamadou, K., Camille, K., N’goran, M.K., Aminata, A., N’guessan, A.R.Y. and, Henri, M.D-K. (2014). Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology profiles of Cassia siameaLam. J. Phytopharmacol. 3:57-76. Nagappan, R. (2012). Evaluation of aqueous and ethanol extract of bioactive medicinal plant, Cassia didymobotrya (Fresenius) Irwin &Barneby against immature stages of filarial vector, Culexquinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2(9): 707–711. National Institute of Standards and Technology. NIST Research Library Catalog. 2011. Available from: URL. https://www.nist.gov/nist-research- library National Institute of Standards and Technology. NIST Research Library Catalog. 2014. Available from: URL. https://www.nist.gov/nist-research- library Nualkaew, S. (1999). Comparison of anthraquinone content and zymogram patterns of isozyme in Cassia species. Bangkok: Mahidol University; pp 129.Thesis. Onoarigo, B., Oshare, E. B. and Ogunsa, E. (2017)Concentrations of bioactive compounds in foliage and stem-bark of Senna siamea (lam.)..International Journal of Silviculture and Agroforestry ISSN 1720-349X Vol. 2 (1), pp. 086-088. Available online at www.advancedscholarsjournals.org © Advanced Scholars Journals. Powel, R. G. (1989) “Higher plants as a source of new insecticidal compounds,” Pesticide Science, vol. 27, pp. 228–229, 1989. Randell, B.R. and Barlow, B.A, (1998). In: George, A. S. (executive editor). Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra, Australia. Flora of Australia, 12: 89-138. Singh, V.K. and Khan, A. M. (1990) Medicinal Plants and Folklores - A Stratergy towards Conquest of Human Ailments. Vol. 9. Today & Tomorrow Printers & Publishers, 1990:67. Shivjeet, S., Sandeep, K. S. and Ashutosh, Y. (2013) A Review on Cassia species: Pharmacological, Traditional and Medicinal Aspects in Various Countries. American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics. 1:3. 291-312www.ajpct.org Soladoye, M.O. and Lewis, G.P. (2003). A checklist of Nigerian legumes. CENRAD, 12-14. Tapondjou, L. A.; C. Adler; H. Bouda& D. A. Fontem. (2002). Efficacy of powder and essential oil from Chenopodiumambrosioidesleaves as post–harvest grain protectants against six stored product beetles. Journal of Stored Product Research, 38: 395–402. Tripathi, A. K., Upadhyay, S., Bhuiyan, M. and Bhattacharya, P. R. (2009) “A review on prospects of essential oils as biopesticides in insect-pest management,” Journal of PharmocologicalPhytotheraphy, vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 52–63, 2009. Wang, L. and Weller, C. L. (2006). Recent advances in extraction of nutraceuticals from plants. Trends in Food Science and Technology 17(6): 300–312. Weaver, D.K., Dunkel, F.V., Ntezurubanza, L., Jackson, L.L., Jackson, D.T., (1991). The efficacy of linalool, a major component of freshly-milled Ocimum canum Sims. (Labiatae), for protection against postharvest damage by certain stored product Coleoptera. Journal of Stored Products Research 27, 213–220.