IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

IIARD INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (IJGEM )

E-ISSN 2504-8821
P-ISSN 2695-1878
VOL. 11 NO. 2 2025
DOI: 10.56201/ijgem.vol.11.no2.2025.pg58.76

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Impact of Climate Change on Food Production in Nigeria (A Case Study of Bekwarra, Obudu and Obanliku Local Government Areas of Cross River State)

Odido Okwajie Ogar

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Abstract

Climate change poses a significant threat to food production in Nigeria, affecting crop yields, livestock health, and fisheries. Rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, prolonged droughts, and increased flooding have led to reduced agricultural productivity, food insecurity, and economic instability. Smallholder farmers, who form the backbone of Nigeria's agricultural sector, are particularly vulnerable due to their reliance on rain-fed farming and limited access to climate adaptation resources. Soil degradation, pest infestations, and declining water availability further compound the challenges. In this research, a mixed-method research design was adopted, combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 400 randomly selected households across ten farming communities, while secondary data on climate variables such as temperature and rainfall were obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET). The paper examines the impact of climate change on food production in Nigeria and explores adaptive strategies such as climate- smart agriculture, improved irrigation systems and policy interventions. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-sectoral approach involving government support, technological innovation and community participation to ensure sustainable food production and national food security. It recommended the adoption of climate-resilient farming practices, improved water management systems, and enhanced infrastructure to mitigate the effects of climate change on agriculture.

keywords:

; Climate change, Food, Drought, Rainfall, Adaptation

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