IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

IIARD INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (IJGEM )

E-ISSN 2504-8821
P-ISSN 2695-1878
VOL. 10 NO. 3 2024
DOI: 10.56201/ijgem.v10.no3.2024.pg144.171

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Environmental Pollution and Infant Mortality on Entrepreneurial Opportunities: A Champiopreneurship Approach

Dr Ovharhe, Orugba Harry (Ph.D) and Dr Woko, Boma Emmanuel (Ph.D)

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Abstract

This study examined environmental pollution and infant mortality on entrepreneurship opportunities in Nigeria from 1981 to 2023. The study projected potential champiopreneur as considerations on the post Covid-19 Era from 2020 to 2023 with flashback before 2019 using Systemization of Experience as to capture the stream of event using annual time series data from 1981-2019. The time series data were analyzed using the Toda-Yamamoto estimation technique. The study used infant mortality and entrepreneurship opportunities as variables to capture health implications on the after-math of Covid-19 prospects among entrepreneurs with Carbon dioxide, Nitrous Oxide, Government Expenditure on Health, and Particulate Matter as the main explanatory variables. The findings reveal that during the period of the study not much causality was in process it may be on plight basis. This implies that from statically data framework responses much contributed to Infant Mortality in Nigeria during the period of study (1981- 2023). However, further finding reveals that increase in infant mortality result a causal effect increase in Infant maternity leads to a continuous pollution of the environment especially the Carbon dioxide emission in the period of study. Thus, the current infant mortality rate for Nigeria in 2023 is 54.740 deaths per 1000 live births, a 2.63% decline from 2022. The infant mortality rate for Nigeria in 2022 was 56.220 deaths per 1000 live births, a 2.57% decline from 2021. The study recommended that clean and renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and Hydro energy to replace the fossil fuel energy in the country. Infant mortality should be of great concerns to all stakeholders globally by eliminating the pollution in the environment. The study recommends the presence of Atmospheric Particulate matter (PM2.5) is not healthy for any country and infant mortality. On this premise, the government should through the Ministry of health sensitize the public o

keywords:

Environmental Pollution, Entrepreneurship opportunities, Green Entrepreneurship, Infant Mortality, Government Expenditure on Health, Health Outcomes, Post Covid-19

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