Production And Evaluation of Herbal Tea Blends from Zobo ( Hibiscus sabdariffa) and Jacobinia ( Justicia carnea ) Fortified with Ginger ( Zingiber officinale )
Abstract
This study involved the production and evaluation of herbal tea blends from powdered Zobo leaf (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and Jacobinia (Justicia carnea) leaf fortified with Ginger (Zingiber offinalle). Four blends were formulated using 100% Zobo as control. Other blends were 90:10 (Zobo and Ginger), 70:20:10 (Zobo leaf, Jacobinia leaf and Ginger), 60:30:10 (Zobo leaf, Jacobinia leaf and Ginger) and 50:40:10 (Zobo leaf, Jacobinia leaf and Ginger). The proximate composition, phytochemicals, minerals, vitamins, antioxidants and sensory properties were determined using standard methods. The proximate compositions ranged from 2.26% to 3.74%, 3.27% to 6.33%, 2.21% to 3.92%, 4.08% to 5.73%, and 7.76% to 9.61% for moisture, protein, lipid, ash, fibre and carbohydrate respectively. The phytochemical content ranged from 2.34 mg/100g to 3.86 mg/100g, 3.59 to 6.75 mg/100g, 5.17 to 10.25 mg/100g and 0.14 to 0.56 mg/100g for tannin, phytate, oxalate and saponin respectively. The mineral content ranged from 9.81 to 50.70 mg/100g, 4.35 to 33.54 mg/100g, 8.26 to 15.86 mg/100g and 6.17 to 34.7 mg/100g for calcium, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus respectively. The vitamin content ranged from 3.82 to 5.16 mg/100g and 55.10 to 72.53 mg/100g for vitamin A and B respectively. Panelists scored sample B higher than other samples in appearance (7.50) and taste (6.67) while sample A was scored higher in overall acceptability (7.33). The total phenolic content ranged from 1.176 to 20.991 mgGAE/g. Total flavonoid ranged from 71.5 to 85.5 mg/GAE/g. The DPPH scavenging activity at IC50 ranged from 40 to 100µg/ml greater than the standard ascorbic acid of 30µg/ml. The Reducing power assay ranged from 60µg/ml to >100µg/ml different from the standard ascorbic acid of 30µg/ml. In conclusion, Zobo leaf and Jacobinia leaf fortified with ginger is an effective means of improving the nutrients and health benefits of the herbal tea.
References
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