Abstract
Climate change poses significant challenges to agricultural productivity in Northern Nigeria, where a majority of the population relies on rain-fed farming systems. This study investigates the impacts of rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events on agricultural output, food security, and socio-economic stability in the region. Secondary research methodology was used to analyze existing literature and reports, with a focus on trends in climate change and agricultural productivity. The findings reveal a marked increase in average temperatures, leading to greater evaporation rates, while unpredictable rainfall patterns disrupt planting and harvesting cycles, significantly affecting crop yields. Furthermore, the study highlights the intensification of extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods, which have devastating consequences for both crop and livestock production. Desertification and the loss of arable land are also emerging concerns, exacerbating the region's vulnerability. The socio-economic implications of these environmental changes include increased food insecurity, rural poverty, and resource-based conflicts between farmers and pastoralists. The study suggests that adaptive strategies, such as the adoption of climate-resilient crop varieties IIARD International Journal of Geography & Environmental Management Vol. 11 No. 2 2025 E-ISSN 2504-8821 P-ISSN 2695-1878 www.iiardjournals.org Online Version IIARD – International Institute of Academic Research and Development Page 110 and sustainable land management practices, are essential to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture in Northern Nigeria.
References
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