IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EVALUATION AND PHYSICAL REPORT (IJMEPR )

E-ISSN 2579-0498
P-ISSN 2695-2181
VOL. 9 NO. 3 2025
DOI: 10.56201/ijmepr.v9.no3.2025.pg66.77

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Emerging Infectious Diseases and Global Health Security

Dr. Oyedeji Olugbenga James; Ekaji Regina Morphy

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Abstract

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) poses a growing threat to populations globally, it challenges healthcare systems, world economies, and social stability. These diseases, which often originates from animal to human transmission or genetic mutations, have caused significant outbreaks, such as SARS, Ebola and COVID 19, in the past decade. This article examines how EIDs impact global health security, it is a framework designed to protect humanity from threats from EIDs. The objective is to explore the epidemiology of EIDs, their risk factors and strategies to strengthen our preparation and response. This article draws on a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed literature, case studies of past outbreaks and expert opinions from public health sectors. Findings reveal that EIDs are driven by factors like climate change, globalization and urbanization, which accelerate disease spread. Weaknesses in our health care systems, such as inadequate surveillance and inequitable vaccine access, worsen the impact of EIDs. However, advancements in technology, including artificial intelligence for disease tracking and rapid diagnostic tools, offer hope for better control. The article also highlights the economic, social, and psychological consequences of pandemics, emphasizing the need for coordinated global action. In conclusion, EIDs demand a proactive approach to global health security. By strengthening surveillance networks, making investment in research for vaccines top priorities, diagnostics, and improving healthcare infrastructure, especially in low-income regions, are very critical steps to take. International collaboration and responsible communication are equally vital to fight misinformation and build trust into the mind of the general public. This article calls for sustained efforts to prepare for future outbreaks and it ensures that health systems are resilient and equitable. By addressing these challenges, we can reduce the de

keywords:

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), Global health security, Healthcare systems, Animal-to-human transmission, Genetic mutations, Outbreaks (SARS, Ebola, COVID-19), Epidemiology, Risk factors, Clima

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